学龄前和初中儿童胃-十二指肠区脏器的病理特点

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摘要

胃肠道器官病理是儿童健康问题的重要组成部分之一,在不同年龄组具有一定的特点。本研究的目的是分析一般躯体常设机构工作条件下学龄前和初中生胃-十二指肠区脏器的结构和病理特点。材料和方法。对哈尔科夫“国家医学科学院儿童和青少年保健研究所”儿童胃肠病学家和内窥镜医生小组过去五年的工作结果进行了分析。107名5到10岁的儿童接受了这次调查。所有患儿均行上胃镜检查和胃内ph测定。结果。儿童临床表现的特点是存在中等强度的腹痛,定位于上腹部。当分析性别依赖性疼痛的性质时,发现早期疼痛在男孩中占主导地位,而晚期疼痛在女孩中更为常见。在消化不良的主诉中,恶心最为常见,占37.4±4.6%。在分析内镜图像时,应注意病理改变多见于8-10岁年龄组。当进行胃内ph测定时,检测到高酸性的频率是正常酸性的2倍。胃肠道功能障碍以学龄前儿童为主。根据胆囊超声检查结果,几乎所有受试者都存在胆囊内陷,且半数以上的胆囊内陷合并膀胱肿大。结论:1。学龄前儿童胃、十二指肠粘膜衰竭的萎缩性和破坏性形式较为少见;2. 7-8岁儿童,主要是入学一年级的儿童,多出现胃、十二指肠粘膜的敏捷侵犯、萎缩、破坏等破坏形式,这可能与应激因素的影响有关;3.学龄前儿童和初中生具有运动的统一性,在今后的行为策略和治疗方法的选择上应加以考虑。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Specific features of pathology of gastro-duodenal zone organs in children of preschool and junior school ag
Pathology of organs of gastrointestinal tract - one of constituents of serious problem of health of child's population, that has certain features in the different age-related groups. The aim of this study was to analyse structure and features of pathology of organs of gastro-duodenal zone for the children of preschool and junior school age in the conditions of work of general somatic permanent establishment. Materials and methods. The results of child's gastroenterologist’s and endoscopist’s cabinet’ work at the SI “Institute of children and adolescences health care of National Academy of Medical Science” of Kharkiv were analysed for the last five years. 107 children were inspected in age from 5 to 10 years for this time. Upper endoscopy and intragastric pH-metry were conducted to all children. Results. Peculiarities of the clinical picture in children were the presence of abdominal pain of moderate intensity with localization in the epigastric region. When analyzing the nature of sex-dependent pain, it was found that early pain was predominant in boys, while late pain was more common in girls. Of the dyspeptic complaints, nausea was the most frequent, with 37.4 ± 4.6% of children complaining. When analyzing the endoscopic picture, it should be noted that pathological changes were more often registered in the age group of 8-10 years. When performing intragastric pH-metry hyperacidity was detected 2 times more often than normoacidity. Functional disorders of the gastrointestinal tract predominated in preschool children. According to the results of ultrasound of the gallbladder, the presence of gallbladder inflection was found in almost all subjects, and also more than half of this inflection was combined with bladder enlargement. Conclusions: 1. the children of preschool age have atrophic and destructive forms of defeat of mucous membrane of stomach and duodenum considerably rarer; 2. for children 7-8 years old, mainly children who study at school first year, more often there are agile violations, atrophic and destructive forms of defeat of mucous membrane of stomach and duodenum, that, probably, it is related to influence of stress factor; 3. children of preschool and junior school age have the united character of motion, that it is important to take into account at the choice of further tactics of conduct and treatment of patient.
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