Early Experience of Doxycycline Sclerotherapy for Lymphatic Malformations

Purpose: Lymphatic malformations (LMs) are congenital malformations of the lymphatic system which can be effectively treated by sclerotherapy. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of doxycycline in the treatment of LMs. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of all patients who were diagnosed as LMs and underwent doxycycline sclerotherapy in Asan Medical Center between March 2013 and February 2014. Thirty-five sclerotherapy procedures were performed on 21 patients. The procedures were performed under general anesthesia. After each treatment, the clinical and radiographic response was characterized as complete (≥80% decrease in lesion size), partial (<80% decrease of size), or no response (no decrease of size). Results: There were 11 male patients and 10 female patients. The median age of sclerotherapy was 21 months (range, 2–180 months). The most common location was cervicofacial (52.3%), followed by extremity (28.6%) and truncal (19.0%). The most common lesion type was macrocystic (71.4%), followed by microcystic (28.5%). There was one (2.8%) skin necrosis which was recovered by wound management. Thirty-eight percent of patients had a complete response, 47.6% of patients had a partial response and 14.3% of patients had no response. Median frequency of treatment was one (range, 1–5). No response group consisted of all microcystic type. Conclusion: Sclerotherapy with Doxycycline is safe and effective for macrocystic LMs.