Hernandez, Bivens,和最高法院的司法退位扩展理论

W. Aceves
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文考察了埃尔南德斯案的判决,并批评了最高法院扩大的司法退位理论,这一理论对公民权利和司法的未来有着深远的影响。虽然埃尔南德斯案涉及跨界枪击,但法院的推理延伸到民事诉讼的所有方面。因此,本文提出了一种新的司法参与理论,该理论将授权联邦法院对针对联邦官员的宪法索赔给予救济。这是一个建立在现有宪法法学基础上的理论,一个多世纪以来,最高法院一直用它来将《权利法案》适用于州和地方政府——这种方法检验了一项宪法权利是否是我们有序自由体系的基础,是否在我们的历史和传统中有着深厚的根基。本文建议采用类似的方法来评估是否存在针对联邦官员侵犯宪法权利的民事救济。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Hernandez, Bivens, and the Supreme Court’s Expanding Theory of Judicial Abdication
This Essay examines the Hernandez decision and critiques the Court’s expanding theory of judicial abdication, an approach with profound implications for civil rights and the future of the judiciary. While Hernandez involved a cross-border shooting, the Court’s reasoning extends to all facets of civil litigation. Accordingly, this Essay proposes a new theory of judicial engagement that would empower federal courts to grant relief for constitutional claims against federal officials. It is a theory founded in extant constitutional jurisprudence that the Court has used for over a century to apply the Bill of Rights to state and local governments—an approach that examines whether a constitutional right is fundamental to our scheme of ordered liberty and has deep roots in our history and tradition. This Essay proposes that a similar methodology be used to assess whether a civil remedy exists for violations of constitutional rights by federal officials.
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