基础设施项目和规划实施阶段管理的组织模式

S. Kramskyі, O. Zakharchenko
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引用次数: 0

摘要

除了大流行,新冠肺炎危机和俄罗斯在乌克兰的战争对世界经济造成了毁灭性打击,海运公司遭受的打击最大。发展水运基础设施是提高港口竞争力和海河运输效率的必要因素。此外,技术的发展和国际组织(如IMO)的活动对航行安全提出了更高的要求,这也影响了对基础设施的要求。由于运输部门总是与生产力的一般发展联系在一起,因此它被认为是整个经济基础设施的最重要组成部分之一。水运基础设施不仅受到“道德”老化的影响,而且受到比其他运输方式更大程度的自然“磨损”。这是由于水生环境的“侵略性”和自然过程(如底部淤积)。基础设施发展应在每个阶段通过一系列项目和/或发展计划进行,以达到一定水平的基础设施特征。因此,基础设施的发展应“遵循”其条件所要求的水平,以国家在不同层面和不同方面的利益为基础。应该指出的是,海运和内河运输是作为交付的一部分,至少使用两种运输方式。也就是说,海运、内河运输涉及货物进出港口的运输,例如,通过多式联运:空运、铁路或公路。分析了基础设施对象的生命周期与相应基础设施项目的生命周期之比。分析了基础设施项目管理的现代理论基础,指出了基础设施项目产品参数的实体化问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Organization model of managing the stages of implementation of the infrastructures project and program
In addition to the pandemic, the Covid-19 crisis and war Russia in Ukraine has dealt a devastating blow to the world economy and maritime companies, have suffered the most. The development of water transport infrastructure is a necessary factor in increasing the competitiveness of ports and the efficiency of sea and river transport. In addition, the development of technology and the activities of international organizations (such as the IMO) lead to higher requirements for the safety of navigation, which also affects the requirements for infrastructure. And since the transport sector is always connected with the general development of productive forces, it is considered as one of the most important components of the infrastructure of the economy as a whole. Water transport infrastructure is subject not only to "moral" aging, but also to natural "wear and tear", to a greater extent than in other modes of transport. This is due to the "aggressiveness" of the aquatic environment and natural processes (eg, siltation of the bottom). Infrastructure development should be carried out through a sequence of projects and / or development programs aimed at each stage to achieve a certain level of infrastructure characteristics. Thus, the development of infrastructure should be "following" the required level of its condition, based on the interests of the state at different levels and in different aspects. It should be noted that sea and river transportation is carried out as part of delivery using at least two modes of transport. That is, sea, river transportation involves the delivery of goods to / from the port, for example, by intermodals: air, rail or road. The ratio of life cycles of infrastructure objects and corresponding infrastructure projects is analyzed. The analysis of the modern theoretical base of infrastructure projects management is performed, the problem of substantiation of parameters of products of infrastructure projects is singled out.
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