奥斯特罗的费迪尔·丹尼洛维奇:罗斯公爵,罗马诺维奇王朝的后裔,捷克的俄国酋长

Solomiia Kozak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文考察了奥斯特罗公爵费迪尔·丹尼洛维奇在胡斯战争漩涡中的参与。值得注意的是,这个问题仍然没有得到充分的研究和争论,关于Fedir Danylovych在当时的资料中是否被称为“Friedrich von Ostrog”,没有明确的答案。考虑到公爵的一个重要阶段,如他参与胡斯战争的事件,经常被低估和否认。然而,人们做出了假设和论点,认为是Fedir Danylovych有充分的理由站在胡斯派一边。这个假设得到了支持,即骑士和政治家Fedir Danylovych,确实可以参加胡斯战争,后来设法支持Svidrigiello,直到1437年,在他70岁生日之后,才接受了这位僧侣。基于对Fedir Ostrohsky公爵之前政治活动的分析,我们注意到,在捷克事件发生的前夕,公爵最有可能参加了1414-1418年康斯坦茨第十六届大公会议的罗斯代表团,正是依靠主权国家的王朝传统,他作为Monomahovychi-Romanovychi的后裔。考虑到捷克与罗斯的经济、文化和政治联系早在胡斯战争之前就开始了。文中给出了罗斯和捷克关系的例子,以及它们为新一轮交流提供了哪些相似之处和基础。描述了Fedir Danylovych参与胡斯时代在捷克和斯洛伐克的运动和战斗的过程。人们的注意力被吸引到王子可能与匈牙利国王卢森堡的西吉斯蒙德一世结盟的有争议的方面,后者是胡斯派的主要对手。有人认为,这种关系可能是由于1429年4月布拉迪斯拉发冲突各方的会议和1429年在卢茨克举行的国际统治者大会,西吉斯蒙德可以在会上决定维陶塔斯的加冕和立陶宛王国的建立。据说,奥斯特罗公爵可能会对这样一个多事的过程感兴趣,他试图扩大和加强他的祖先遗产。Fedir Danylovych一生只为波兰国王Władysław二世Jagiełło服务的假设被否定了。结论是Fedir Danylovych公爵参与胡斯战争的主要原因之一是他在寻找恢复自己世袭财产权利的方法。人们强调,作为一名战士,奥斯特罗公爵与胡斯派并肩作战,直到生命的最后一刻,这是很自然的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
FEDIR DANYLOVYCH OF OSTROH: RUS’ DUKE, DESCENDANT OF THE ROMANOVYCHI DYNASTY AND HUSSIAN HETMAN IN THE CZECH
The article considers the participation of duke Fedir Danylovych of Ostroh in the vortex of the Hussite Wars. It is noted that this issue remains poorly studied and debatable, and there is no clear answer as to whether Fedir Danylovych was mentioned in the sources of the time as «Friedrich von Ostrog». It is taken into account that such an important stage of the duke, as his participation in the events of the Hussite Wars, is often underestimated and denied. However, assumptions were made and arguments were given that it was Fedir Danylovych who had every reason to fight on the side of the Hussites. The hypothesis was supported that the knight and politician, who was Fedir Danylovych, could indeed take part in the Hussite Wars, later managed to support Svidrigiello, and only after 1437, after his 70th birthday, accept the monk. Based on the analysis of the previous political activity of duke Fedir Ostrohsky, it is noted that on the eve of the events in the Czech, the duke most likely participated in the Rus’ delegation to the XVI Ecumenical Council of Konstanz in 1414-1418th relied precisely on the dynastic tradition of sovereign statehood, the bearer of which he was as a descendant of Monomahovychi-Romanovychi. It is taken into account that the Czech economic, cultural, and political contacts with Rus’ began long before the Hussite Wars. Examples of such Rus’-Czech relations are given, and what parallels and bases they had for a new round of communication. The course of Fedir Danylovych's participation in the campaigns and battles of the Hussite times in the Czech and Slovakia is described. Attention is drawn to the debatable aspect of the prince's possible allied relations with the Hungarian King Sigismund I of Luxembourg, the main opponent of the Hussites. It has been suggested that such relations may have been due to a meeting of the parties to the Bratislava conflict in April 1429 and an international congress of rulers in Lutsk in 1429, at which Sigismund could decide on the coronation of Vytautas and the establishment of the Kingdom of Lithuania. It is stated that such an eventful course could be of interest to the Ostroh duke, who sought to expand and strengthen his ancestral heritage. The assumption that Fedir Danylovych served only the Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło all his life was rejected. It is concluded that one of the main reasons for duke Fedir Danylovych's participation in the Hussite Wars was that he was looking for ways to restore his own rights to hereditary possessions. It was emphasized that as a man of war, it was natural for duke Ostroh to fight alongside the Hussites almost to the end of his life.
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