Trends in educational migration in the Russian Federation

This article analyzes the trends in international migration processes in federal districts. The analysis of state statistics (2016-2018) revealed conflicting trends in its various aspects. The results show that international educational migration in Russia has an extremely low proportion, which is only 3% of the total migration inflow. The number of educated migrants has grown by almost a third. The main contributing countries of the educational sphere are Kazakhstan, China, Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, India, and Iraq among others. At the same time, the number of educational migrants from Kazakhstan, Ukraine, and Moldova has slightly decreased over three years. The results show significant imbalances in the territorial distribution of educational migration flows in the Russian Federation. They mostly take place in the regions and the North-West Federal District (about 50% of migrants by educational institutions, Volga and Siberia — more than 30%). This means that the education system and the use of infrastructure are unlimited. This article identifies the types of dynamics of the formed clusters in federal districts, which resulted in the corresponding typology. The author has calculated the growth rate of educational migration, which is the ratio of the growth in the number of educational migrants to the increase in the total number of people who arrived in the federal district and registered as migrants. It seems appropriate that within the framework of research in the field of the modern sociocultural approach, the mechanism of redistribution of human capital should be involved. This will allow a deeper study of sociocultural factors and the consequences of educational migration.