乌克兰it企业商业模式组成部分的聚类分析

A. Karpyak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文分析了乌克兰IT公司在数字服务接受者价值发展背景下的商业模式要素。对以下几个方向的数据聚类结果进行汇总和分析:行业范围;企业提供的服务范围;企业规模;按财务营业额类别划分的客户群份额。聚类采用k-means方法,最优聚类数采用肘部法和剪影法。所有选定的类别分为五组。确定了集群的质心,并对所有指示方向上靠近质心的公司进行了分析。通过提供的服务类型百分比和行业百分比的指标进行聚类,并包含方差值。因此,集群不仅反映了在某些类型的服务或经济部门占主导地位的企业的接近性,而且反映了所涵盖服务范围的广度和客户群的多样性。将接近这些商业模式要素的企业组成集团,并按类别对企业与集群的隶属关系进行比较分析。考虑到每小时工作的申报成本和按财务周转类别划分的客户群份额,对已形成集团的企业进行了分析。在乌克兰注册的公司雇员所占比例、按财务营业额类别划分的客户群所占比例、平均每小时劳动成本以及提供某些类型服务的优势之间已经确立了规律。得出的结论是,每小时的劳动力成本明显较低,在乌克兰团队成员比例很高的中小型企业中,中小型企业的客户群占主导地位。该研究的结果可以用于调整IT公司的商业模式,以及证明乌克兰现有的IT领域雇员和雇主之间的法律关系可能发生变化的负面后果。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
CLUSTER ANALYSIS OF UKRAINE'S IT-ENTERPRISES BUSINESS MODELS' COMPONENTS
The article analyzes the elements of business models of Ukrainian IT companies in the context of the digital services recipients' value development with. The results of data clustering in the following directions are gathered and analyzed: the range of industries; range of services provided by enterprises; scale of enterprises; share of customer base by categories of financial turnover. Clustering is performed by the k-means method, the optimal number of clusters is determined by the methods elbow and silhouette. All selected categories were divided into five clusters. The centroids of clusters were determined and the analysis of companies close to centroids in all the indicated directions was carried out. Clustering by indicators of the percentage of types of provided services and the percentage of industries was carried out with the inclusion of the value of variance. Thus, clustering reflects not only the proximity of enterprises in the predominance of certain types of services or sectors of the economy, but also the breadth of the range of services covered and the diversity of the customer base. Groups of enterprises close to these elements of business models were formed and a comparative analysis of companies affiliation to clusters by categories was conducted. The enterprises from the formed groups are analyzed taking into account the declared cost of an hour of work and the share of the customer base by categories of financial turnover. Regularities have been established between the share of the company's employees registered in Ukraine, the share of the customer base by categories of financial turnover and the average hourly labour costs, as well as the advantages in providing certain types of services. It is concluded that hourly labour costs are significantly lower and the predominance in the client base of small and medium-sized businesses in medium and small enterprises with a high proportion of Ukrainian team members. The results of the study can be useful for adjusting the business models of IT companies, as well as to justify the negative consequences of possible changes in the existing legal relations in Ukraine between employees and employers in the field of IT.
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