促增长政策能让所有人受益吗?

O. Causa, A. Serres, Nicolás Ruiz
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引用次数: 5

摘要

在大多数经合组织国家,过去三十年的GDP增长与收入差距的扩大有关。为了揭示增长与公平之间权衡的潜在来源,本文调查了结构性改革对人均GDP和家庭收入分配的长期影响。促进增长的改革可以根据它们是否会增加或减少家庭可支配收入不平等来区分。有助于减少不平等的措施包括减少对竞争、贸易和外国直接投资的监管壁垒,以及加强求职援助和培训计划。相反,研究发现,收紧长期失业者的失业救济金会提高家庭平均收入,但会降低较贫困家庭的收入,从而加剧不平等。其他几项改革对收入分配没有显著影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Can Pro-growth Policies Lift all Boats?
In a majority of OECD countries, GDP growth over the past three decades has been associated with growing income disparities. To shed some lights on the potential sources of trade-offs between growth and equity, this paper investigates the long-run impact of structural reforms on GDP per capita and household income distribution. Pro-growth reforms can be distinguished according to whether they are found to generate an increase or a reduction in household disposable income inequality. Those that contribute to reduce inequality include the reduction in regulatory barriers to competition, trade and FDI, as well as the stepping-up in job search assistance and training programmes. Conversely, a tightening of unemployment benefits for the long-term unemployed is found to lift mean household income but to lower income among poorer households, thus raising inequality. Several other reforms have no significant impact on income distribution.
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