METHOD OF FORECASTING THE DIRECTION OF PROCESSING HYDROCARBONS

In the article it is offered to rationalize work of installations on processing of hydrocarbonic raw materials, at the expense of its classification on types, using criterion of forecasting (KP) of the direction of processing. This approach will generally contribute to the rational use of technological equipment, reducing the metal consumption of devices and processing schemes, reducing energy costs by recovering excess heat and reducing heat exchange with the environment, efficient use of pumping equipment. At the same time, the general culture of production will increase and the harmful load on the environment will be reduced. Experimental studies have shown that the relative dielectric constant (ε), kinematic viscosity (ν20, mm2 / s) and Conradson coking (хk,%) of hydrocarbons, significantly depend on its chemical and fractional composition. In view of this, the proposed CP should be based on the above indicators. Experimental studies have allowed determining certain limit values of KP in accordance with which, hydrocarbons can be attributed to a certain type: type 0 –; type 1, 2 –; type 3 –; type 4 –. On the basis of the calculated values of KP, in the future, it is possible to develop rational schemes of technological processing of hydrocarbons, which will be related to the fuel, oil and combined direction (option). Depending on the needs of certain types of petroleum products, the target components obtained in the implementation of these schemes are hydrocarbon gases, motor and boiler fuels, lubricating oils, petroleum coke, bitumen, by-products – degradation gases, paraffin, resins and asphaltenes.