Fundamentals of distribution system analysis

Distribution automation requires a deep knowledge of the system to where it is applied. For this, a proper handling of analysis techniques is very important. Distribution system analysis is a part of a broader concept referred to as power system analysis. In distribution system analysis only some fields of the overall picture are studied, and, of course, those referring mainly to feeders and radial systems. The main topics to be analyzed correspond to the modeling of the elements, the analysis of load flows for ring and radial systems, and short circuit conditions. Load flows are applied for different applications involving not only the analysis of power flows and voltage regulation but also feeder reconfiguration and loss reduction. Short circuit as always is essential in sizing equipment and protective relay setting. Studies of transient and small signal stability are not usually conducted at distribution levels and therefore will not be considered in this book.