Abdominal obesity and other components of metabolic syndrome among the young population of Novosibirsk

Objective. To study the prevalence of abdominal obesity (AO) and metabolic syndrome (MS) components among young adults in the city of Novosibirsk. Material and Methods. A cross-sectional study of the young population of Novosibirsk was performed in 2013–2017. A representative sample comprised 1,512 people aged 25–44 years. The study included 1,449 people (45.6% men) based on the presence of all criteria required to perform the analysis according to the goal. The following age groups were assigned for the study: group 1 comprised 25–34-year-old individuals; group 2 included 35–44-year-olds. According to the recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of MS (RSC, 2009), AO was detected when participants had a waist circumference greater than 94/80 cm in men/women; hypertriglyceridemia (hyper-TG) when triglycerides (TG) were ≥ 1.7 mmol/L; low-density lipoprotein (LDL) hypercholesterolemia (hyper-LDL) when LDL cholesterol was > 3.0 mmol/L; highdensity lipoprotein (LDL) hypocholesterolemia (hypo-HDL) when HDL cholesterol was < 1.0/1.2 mmol/L in men/women; hypertension (AH130/85) when blood pressure (BP) was ≥ 130/85 mmHg; and fasting hyperglycemia (hyper-Gl) when fasting plasma glucose was ≥ 6.1 mmol/L. Results. The prevalence rates of AO were 43.0% in men and 42.0% in women (p = 0.679); AН130/85 rates were 48.6% in men and 20.9% in women (p < 0.0001); hyper-TG rates were 24.5% in men and 9.9% in women (p < 0.0001); hypo-HDL rates were 20.0% in men and 24.7% in women (p = 0.033); hyper-LDL rates were 60.3% in men and 50.3% in women (p = 0.0002); and hyper-Gl rates were 32.4% in men and 15.7% in women (p < 0.0001). An increase in age was associated with a significant increase in the frequencies of AO, AH130/85, hyper-LDL, and hyper-Gl in both men and women (age group 2 relative to group 1). A tendency to an increase in hyper-TG was observed in women. In terms of prevalence, men had the highest prevalence rate of hyper-LDL followed by AH130/85 (the second-highest rate) and AO (the third-highest rate). Women had the highest prevalence rate of hyper-LDL, followed by AO (the second-highest rate). According to the results of univariate analysis, AO was associated with all components of MS in both men and women. The frequency of MS (RSC, 2009) was 32.0% in men and 22.2% in women (p < 0.0001). Conclusions. Data obtained demonstrate the prognostically unfavorable situation in regard to cardiovascular pathology among young adults of Novosibirsk (especially among men), which requires prompt action to timely detect and correct the modifiable risk factors of this nosological entity.