根据慢性肾功能衰竭的分期判断患者的营养状况

Toyadala Hortense Lengani, G. Sanou, Sibiri Bougma, Yamkaye Aïcha Sawadogo, S. Zio, Hama BA-FATOUMATA, G. Coulibaly, A. Savadogo
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引用次数: 0

摘要

介绍。在布基纳法索,慢性肾脏疾病(CKD)是一个主要的公共卫生问题,因为它的发病率、严重性和治疗费用越来越高。的目标。本研究的目的是描述被诊断为重度和中度慢性肾功能不全的受试者的营养状况,随后在瓦加杜古的亚尔加多·韦德拉奥戈大学医院中心(YO-UHC)进行肾脏病咨询。方法。一项描述性横断面研究进行了为期8个月,包括75名患者。社会人口参数是根据患者的声明和使用他们的医疗记录确定的。从每位患者的实验室检查结果中收集生物学参数。采用人体测量法评估患者的营养状况。最后,采用24小时回忆法询问所有患者的饮食习惯和生活方式。结果。我们的研究结果显示,在患者总数中,男性占主导地位。男女比例分别为54.70%和45.30%,性别(男/女)比为1.20。体重指数平均值为24.79 Kg/m2。女性超重和肥胖的比例为64.71%,男性为26.83%。女性重症慢性肾病患者比例(58.82%)是男性的2倍(29.27%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。30-39岁受试者的平均腰围明显低于60-85岁受试者。平均臀围为93.77 cm,性别差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高血糖和糖尿病的患病率随着年龄的增长而增加。40 ~ 49岁组高血糖发生率由70 ~ 85岁组的16.67%显著升高至26.67% (P<0.05)。50-59岁年龄组糖尿病发生率为10%,70-85岁年龄组糖尿病发生率为两倍(P<0.05)。67.99%的患者有一级亲属或旁系高血压史。高血压络占比最高(37.33%;P = 0.059)。这项研究显示,所有患者的身体活动水平都很低。只有38.67%的患者定期进行体育锻炼。体力活动水平与肾功能衰竭的分期之间没有明显的联系。结论。了解营养状况是CKD患者更好的营养管理的关键部分。最后,前期对CKD患者饮食习惯的研究可以更好地了解他们的营养状况,从而根据疾病的进展阶段进行更好的管理。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Nutritional status of patients according to the stage of chronic renal failure
Introduction. In Burkina Faso, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health problem due to its increasing prevalence, severity and the high cost of treatment. Aim. The aim of this study was to describe nutritional status of subjects diagnosed with severe and moderate stages of chronic renal insufficiency, followed in nephrology consultation at the Yalgado Ouedraogo University Hospital Center (YO-UHC) of Ouagadougou. Methods. A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over a period of eight months and included 75 patients in total. The social-demographic parameters were determined on the basis of the patients' declaration and the use of their medical records. Biological parameters were collected from the results of laboratory examinations performed by each patient. The nutritional status of the patients was assessed by the anthropometric method. Finally, all patients were asked about their dietary habits and lifestyle using the 24-hour recall method. Results. Our results revealed a male predominance, out of the total number of patients included. The percentage of men and women was 54.70% and 45.30% respectively with a sex (male/female) ratio of 1.20. The average of Body Mass Index was 24.79 Kg/m2. The percentage of overweight and obesity of women was 64.71% compared to 26.83% for men. The proportion of women with severe chronic kidney disease (58.82%) was twice as high as that of men (29.27%), (P<0.05). The average waist circumference of the subjects aged 30-39 years was significantly lower than that of the subjects aged 60-85 years. So, average hip circumference was 93.77 cm, with a significant difference according to sex (P<0.05). The prevalence of hyperglycaemia and diabetes increased with age. Hyperglycaemia in the 40-49 age group was increased significantly from 16.67% to 26.67% in the 70-85 age group (P<0.05). Diabetes in the 50-59 age group was 10% and doubled in the 70-85 age group (P<0.05). A percentage of 67.99% of the patients had a history of hypertension in either first-degree relatives or collaterals. The highest proportion was found in the hypertensive collaterals (37.33%; P=0.059). This study revealed a low level of physical activity among all patients. Only 38.67% of the patients practiced regular physical activity. There was no significant association between the level of physical activity and the stage of renal failure. Conclusion. Knowledge of nutritional status is a crucial part of better nutritional management of CKD patients. Finally, previous studies on the dietary habits of patients suffering from CKD will allow a better understanding of their nutritional status for a better management according to the stage of progression of the disease.
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