Higher education strategy in engineering to meet global technical challenges

The strategy of teaching electrical engineering applied to microelectronics is undergoing a very strong evolution combining the development of the Internet and thus the globalization of digital technology and the experience of the pandemic on distance learning approaches. On the one hand, the meteoric development of digital technology is creating new challenges related to the saturation of data transfer networks and the associated consumption of electrical energy, which are growing exponentially. On the other hand, the use of digital technology in applied sciences during the pandemic has proven to be almost ineffective. The future engineers need knowledge and know-how in order to be efficient and innovative. This document deals in a first part with the technical and scientific needs applied to microelectronics and in a second part with the training strategy and the pedagogical approach which must imperatively optimize the use of digital technology by promoting well targeted actions.. These experiments were conducted within the French national microelectronics network, which includes 12 inter-university centers and covers all the specialties in the field, and which made it possible to test the interest and effectiveness of different approaches. (Abstract)