社会服务中心关于预防未成年人越轨行为的内容指南

Liubov Nechyporuk
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摘要

本文分析了未成年人越轨行为表现的特点、产生的原因及主要类型:犯罪行为、成瘾行为、精神病理行为。报告指出,对有异常行为的儿童进行的工作是社会工作的一个特殊领域,其实质是预防偏差,为异常者成功的社会化或再社会化创造条件,以克服他们的个人问题和与他人的冲突。阐述了《国家社会预防服务标准》在初级、中级和三级预防未成年人越轨行为方面的主要原则。对社会服务中心在各级预防工作中预防措施的特点进行了界定和分析,并概述了对人格行为偏差预防专家的要求,特别是:掌握社会预防的本质和组织预防消极行为偏差的知识,能够应用技术克服行为偏差等。描述了社会服务中心、教育机构和青少年预防部门在预防青少年消极行为偏差方面相互作用的特点,并确定了这种相互作用的主要方法:行政、协调、社会心理。注意到社会服务中心、教育机构和预防青少年部门之间互动的协调方法对实现预防未成年人越轨行为的共同目标作出了更大的贡献。总结说,预防未成年人的越轨行为是社会服务中心活动的一个领域,是一个复杂的社会心理综合体,包括一系列连续的、相互关联的步骤,旨在调节他们的价值取向、动机、态度和行为。社会服务中心的预防措施系统是全面的,对儿童和社会环境都有影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
CONTENT GUIDELINES OF THE CENTRE OF SOCIAL SERVICES ON THE PREVENTION OF THE DEVIANT BEHAVIOR OF MINORS
The article deals with the analysis of the peculiarities of the manifestation of deviant behavior by minors, its causes and main types: delinquent, addictive, psychopathological behavior. It is noted that work with children with deviant behavior is a special area of social work, the essence of which is prevention of deviations, creation of conditions for successful socialization or resocialization of deviants to overcome their personal problems and conflicts with others.The main principles of the State Standard of Social Prevention Services regarding the prevention of deviant behavior of minors at the primary, secondary and tertiary levels are described.The peculiarities of preventive measures in the work of the Social Services Center within each of the levels of prevention are defined and analyzed, and the requirements for specialists in the prevention of behavioral deviations of the personality are outlined, in particular: possessing knowledge about the essence of social prevention and the organization of prevention of negative behavioral deviations, the ability to apply technologies for overcoming behavioral deviations, etc. The peculiarities of interaction between the Center for Social Services, educational institutions and juvenile prevention departments for the prevention of behavioral deviations of a negative nature in adolescents are described, and the main methods of such interaction are identified: administrative, coordination, socio-psychological. It is noted that the coordination methods of interaction between the Center of Social Services, educational institutions and juvenile prevention departments make the greater contribution in the realization of their common goals – the prevention of deviant behavior of minors. It is summarized that the prevention of deviant behavior of minors as an area of the Centers of Social Services activity is a complex socio-psychological complex of consecutive, interconnected steps aimed at regulating their value orientations, motivations, attitudes and behavior. The system of preventive measures of the Center for Social Services is comprehensive and affects both as a child and the social environment.
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