职业性慢性阻塞性肺疾病的流行病学特征

M. A. Sakolchik, Y. Gorblyansky, K. V. Podmogilnaya, V. V. Fedyakina
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引用次数: 7

摘要

慢性阻塞性肺疾病(COPD)是全世界发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一。吸烟是一个主要风险因素,但近15-20%的慢性阻塞性肺病病例是由职业接触(粉尘、气体、蒸气、纤维)引起的。本综述旨在从循证医学的角度对职业性COPD的相关文献进行检索和分析。系统检索PubMed、b谷歌Scholar、Cyberleninka数据库的文献,检索关键词为“职业性COPD”。通过搜索,作者选择了6项系统综述和9项临床研究进行进一步分析,证明了工作场所职业因素暴露与COPD之间存在因果关系。因此,与吸烟相比,职业暴露对慢性阻塞性肺病病程的形成和特点的影响更为显著。职业性慢性阻塞性肺病患者的表型、早期诊断、治疗特点和肺部康复等问题仍未得到解决。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Epidemiological features of occupational chronic obstructive lung disease
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality all over the world. Tobacco smoking is a main risk factor, but nearly 15–20% of COPD cases are caused by occupational exposure (to dust, gases, vapors, fibers). The review is aimed to search and analysis of literature on occupational COPD from evidencebased medicine viewpoint. Systemic search of literature covered databases of PubMed, Google Scholar, Cyberleninka, using a key word “occupational COPD”. As a result of the search, the authors selected 6 systematic reviews and 9 clinical studies for further analysis, proved cause-effect relationship between exposure to occupational factors at workplace and COPD. With that, occupational exposure contributes more significantly into formation and peculiarities of COPD course, than tobacco smoking does. Topics of phenotyping, early diagnosis, treatment peculiarities and pulmonary rehabilitation for occupational COPD patients remain unresolved.
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