Photovoltaic Power Stabilization using Dynamic Power Injection Method

One of the challenges of photovoltaic (PV) is the instability of PV output power. This is caused by fluctuating of solar radiation falling on the surface of the PV module. For the PV scheme on Grid, power instability causes instability of the power system. Several methods have been developed to stabilize PV power including constant power generation (CPG), hybrid PV-generators and power smoothing. But there are still flaws in the method. In this paper, the Dynamic Power Injection (DPI) method is proposed to stabilize PV output power. DPI is a combination of the CPG method with energy storage. The DPI stabilizes PV output power according to the predetermined setting power. Thus, PV output power can be kept constant without being affected by changes in load power. To obtain stable PV output power, the DPI performs two work functions, namely the CPG function by limiting PV power according to its power setting and the action of storage energy by absorbing excess power and active power shortage injection. The DPI module is designed by using the Arduino Mega microcontroller which is supported by voltage and current sensors and batteries as energy storage. The operation the DPI module works is by reading the parameters of incoming power, output power, and battery power. Then the output power is compared with the predetermined setting power. Based on the results of testing, the output power is almost close to the setting power with an error rate of 6.46%, however DPI can function properly to stabilize the output power with constant power by predetermined settings.