社会保障:本质、构成、因素、意义在现代挑战条件下

V. D. Polishchuk
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引用次数: 0

摘要

乌克兰的战争在政治、社会和经济领域造成了极其困难的局面。人类安全问题已变得极其紧迫。没有选择和实施正确的社会经济发展战略,就不可能保障国家的经济安全。文章考察了社会保障作为乌克兰国家安全的组成部分;会议确定了社会经济领域出现的威胁,特别是国内生产总值大幅减少、投资活动减少、经济和财政政策领域国家机构的削弱,主要是经济的商品性质、国家对债务的高度依赖、人口收入下降以及非正规经济所占份额的增加。对乌克兰目前和预测的贫穷水平进行了评估;对社会经济领域各项指标的变化进行了一般性审查。目前已查明的在军事入侵条件下人口状况下降的因素有:出生率下降、死亡率上升、内部和外部移徙、缺少或缺乏重要的药品和服务。可以确定的是,在战争条件下,人类基本需求的满足程度在质量上急剧下降,这是由于基本经济指标的下降,不愿宣布其工作的部分人口增加,由于动员和移徙,可用的工人数量减少;在戒严条件下(招聘、解雇、管理、休假等)组织劳动关系变得更加困难;确保安全的工作条件,尤其是在战区,是极其困难的。提出了减少对社会安全威胁的方法,特别是在解决社会问题的过程中加强当局的行动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
SOCIAL SECURITY: ESSENCE, COMPONENTS, FACTORS, MEANING IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN CHALLENGES
The war in Ukraine created an extremely difficult situation in both the political, social and economic spheres. The problem of human security has become extremely urgent. Ensuring the economic security of the state is impossible without choosing and implementing the right strategy of socio-economic development. The article examines social security as a component of Ukraine's national security; the threats occurring in the socio-economic sphere were identified, in particular, a significant reduction in GDP, a decrease in investment activity, the weakening of state institutions in the field of economy and fiscal policy, mainly the commodity nature of the economy, high debt dependence of the state, a drop in population incomes, and an increase in the share of the informal economy. An assessment of the current and forecast levels of poverty in Ukraine was carried out; a general review of changes in indicators of the socio-economic sphere was carried out. current, identified factors of the decline of the demographic situation under the conditions of military invasion: decrease in birth rate, increase in mortality, internal and external migration, absence or absence of vital medicines and services. It was established that in the conditions of war, the level of satisfaction of basic human needs qualitatively decreases sharply, which is caused by a decrease in basic economic indicators, the part of the population that does not want to declare their work increases, the number of available workers decreases due to mobilization and migration; the organization of labor relations in the conditions of martial law (recruitment, dismissal, regime, vacations, etc.) becomes more difficult; ensuring safe working conditions, especially in a war zone, is extremely difficult. Proposed ways of reducing the threat to social security, in particular by intensifying the actions of the authorities in the process of solving social issues.
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