X-Ray Microscopy for the Life and Physical Sciences

Advances in x-ray microscopy coupled with the development of bright, partially coherent radiation at x-ray wavelengths, herald a new period in which scientists in diverse disciplines will use x-ray imaging and probing techniques to see ever smaller structures, write ever smaller patterns, and study physical, chemical and biological systems, not only with an elemental sensitivity, but in many cases with a sensitivity to details of bonding. The combination of x-ray microscopy and various emission spectroscopies will permit the study of surfaces, thin films and material interfaces, as well as biological samples in their natural, unaltered and hydrated state1,2.