The Comparison of Sarcopenia Prevalence between Elderly in Community Dwelling and Nursing Home based on Indonesian Young Adult Cut-Off Point

Sarcopenia is a progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that can decrease quality of life. This study aimed to find a cut-off point of appendicular skeletas muscle mass (ASM), hand grip strength (HGS), and gait speed (GS) from young adult, as a based value to defined the Sarcopenia in elderly; and to find the differences values of sarcopenia between elderly in community dwelling and nursing home. Subjects recruited by simple random sampling and convenience sampling. There were 369 young adults (44% male, 56% female), 183 elderly (47% male, 53% female) on community dwelling, and 62 elderly (40% male, 60% female) on nursing home. Cut-off point from young adult for ASM, HGS, and GS for male and female were 8,1 and 5,6 Kg/m, 32 and 20 Kg, and 1,2 and 1,17 m/sec. The value of ASM, HGS, and GS in male from community dwelling were higher (8,8 vs 7,5 Kg/m (p<0,001), 25,9 vs 17,7 Kg (p<0,001), and 1,5 vs 0,8 (p<0,001), while the value of GS in female from community dwelling were higher 1,3 vs 0,73 m/sec (p=0,008), and similar on ASM and HGS. The percentage of lower ASM, HGS, and GS in male were all higher on elderly from nursing home; 28% vs 60% (p<0,026), 82% vs 99% (p<0,001), and 28% vs 88% (p<0,001), as well as in female 5% vs 5,4% (p<0,001), 70% vs 86,2% (p<0,001), and 34% vs 100% (p<0,001). There were cut-off point based on Indonesian young adult to determination the sarcopenia in elderly, and the elderly from nursing home have a lower muscle mass and performance, especially in male.