论专业教育中跨文化交际能力的形成问题

A. Sereda
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摘要

培养未来专业人才的跨文化交际能力是现代职业教育亟待解决的问题。本文从能力本位的角度出发,探讨了在国际环境下培养具有交际能力和专业能力的高等院校毕业生的问题。研究表明,跨文化交际能力具有综合性,是一个复杂的跨学科问题。本文分析了跨文化交际能力的结构和组成,以及与语言能力同等重要的文化和人类学方面。实践证明,能力本位教学法为外语教学设定了一个目标,即培养一种既能超越自身文化又能保留自身文化认同的语言人格。欧洲在能力形成方面的经验,教育申请者必须掌握,以便能够在广泛的社会和专业背景下用外语进行富有成效的交流。本文认为,为了培养非语言专业学生的跨文化交际能力,有必要改进外语教学方法,使学生熟悉所学语言国家的历史、现代现实、文化、生活方式和行为方式。在课程中包括选修学科也是可取的,如跨文化交际理论基础、话语理论、论证理论等。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
To the question of formation of intercultural communicative competence in professional education
Formation of intercultural communicative competence in a future specialist is an urgent problem of modern professional education. Problems of training graduates of higher educational institutions who are able to solve communicative and professional tasks in an international context are considered in the article from the position of competence-based approach. It is shown that intercultural communicative competence has an integrative nature and it is a complex interdisciplinary problem. The structure and components of intercultural communicative competence, its cultural and anthropological aspect, which is no less important than the linguistic one, are analyzed. It is substantiated that competence-based approach sets the goal for teaching foreign languages to form a linguistic personality capable of going beyond their own culture, but saving own cultural identity. The European experience in the formation of competencies that an applicant for education must master in order to be able to communicate productively in a foreign language in a broad social and professional context is analyzed. It is concluded that in order to form intercultural communicative competence among students of non-linguistic specialties, it is necessary to improve methods of teaching foreign language, to acquaint students with history, modern reality, culture, way of life, and style of behavior of the country which language is being studied. It is also advisable to include elective disciplines in the curricula such as basics of theory of intercultural communication, theory of discourse, theory of argumentation, etc.
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