Factors Affecting Inventory Management Performance of Tracer Medicines Across Primary Health Care Units, Gamo Zone, Southern Nations Nationalities and People's Region, Ethiopia.

Background: Inventory management ensures access to tracer medicines (TMs) for priority health-care needs. Factors that impede its performance across primary health-care units (PHCUs) are less explored in Ethiopia. The current study assessed factors affecting the inventory management performance of TMs across PHCUs, Gamo zone.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 46 PHCUs between April 1 and May 30, 2021. The data were collected using document review and physical observation. A stratified simple random sampling was employed. The data were analyzed by SPSS version 20. The results were summarized as mean and percentage. Pearson's product-moment coefficient and ANOVA were employed at a 95% CI. The correlation test established the relationships between dependent and independent variables. ANOVA test compared the performance between PHCUs.

Results: The inventory management performance of TMs across PHCUs is below the standard. On average stock according to the plan is 18%, the stock-out rate is 43%, the inventory accuracy rate is 78.5%, and availability across PHCUs is 78%. 72.3% of visited PHCUs fulfill storage condition criteria. Inventory management performance decreases downward the levels of PHCUs. There is a positive correlation between the availability of TMs and supplier order fill rate, r = 0.82, p < 0.01; between the availability of TMs and report accuracy, r = 0.54, p < 0.001; and between TMs stocked according to the plan and supplier order fill rate, r = 0.46, p < 0.01. The inventory accuracy was significantly different between primary hospitals and health posts (p = 0.009, 95% C.I = [7.57, 60.93]); and health centers and health posts (p = 0.016, 95% CI = [2.32, 25.97]).

Conclusion: The inventory management performance of TMs is below the standard. It is attributable to supplier performance, the quality of the report, and performance variation across PHCUs. These result in the interruption of TMs in PHCUs.