一半以上的已知人类致病疾病会因气候变化而恶化

IF 29.6 1区 地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES
Camilo Mora, Tristan McKenzie, Isabella M. Gaw, Jacqueline M. Dean, Hannah von Hammerstein, Tabatha A. Knudson, Renee O. Setter, Charlotte Z. Smith, Kira M. Webster, Jonathan A. Patz, Erik C. Franklin
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引用次数: 151

摘要

气候变化会影响人类致病性疾病,这一点已被相对广泛地接受;然而,这种风险的全部程度仍未得到充分量化。在此,我们对十种对温室气体(GHG)排放敏感的气候灾害对每一种已知人类致病性疾病的影响进行了系统的实证研究。我们发现,在全球人类面临的传染病中,有 58%(即 375 种中的 218 种)在某种程度上因气候灾害而加重;16% 有时会减轻。经验案例揭示了 1006 种气候灾害通过不同传播类型导致致病性疾病的独特途径。气候灾害加剧的人类致病性疾病和传播途径太多,无法进行全面的社会适应,这突出表明迫切需要从问题的源头开展工作:减少温室气体排放。一项系统性研究表明,人类面临的 1006 种传染病中,有 58% 的传染病在某种程度上受到了对温室气体敏感的气候灾害的影响。这些结果凸显了适应气候变化的挑战日益严峻,减少温室气体排放迫在眉睫。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Over half of known human pathogenic diseases can be aggravated by climate change

Over half of known human pathogenic diseases can be aggravated by climate change
It is relatively well accepted that climate change can affect human pathogenic diseases; however, the full extent of this risk remains poorly quantified. Here we carried out a systematic search for empirical examples about the impacts of ten climatic hazards sensitive to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions on each known human pathogenic disease. We found that 58% (that is, 218 out of 375) of infectious diseases confronted by humanity worldwide have been at some point aggravated by climatic hazards; 16% were at times diminished. Empirical cases revealed 1,006 unique pathways in which climatic hazards, via different transmission types, led to pathogenic diseases. The human pathogenic diseases and transmission pathways aggravated by climatic hazards are too numerous for comprehensive societal adaptations, highlighting the urgent need to work at the source of the problem: reducing GHG emissions. A systematic review shows that >58% of infectious diseases confronted by humanity, via 1,006 unique pathways, have at some point been affected by climatic hazards sensitive to GHGs. These results highlight the mounting challenge for adaption and the urgent need to reduce GHG emissions.
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来源期刊
Nature Climate Change
Nature Climate Change ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES-METEOROLOGY & ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
CiteScore
40.30
自引率
1.60%
发文量
267
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Nature Climate Change is dedicated to addressing the scientific challenge of understanding Earth's changing climate and its societal implications. As a monthly journal, it publishes significant and cutting-edge research on the nature, causes, and impacts of global climate change, as well as its implications for the economy, policy, and the world at large. The journal publishes original research spanning the natural and social sciences, synthesizing interdisciplinary research to provide a comprehensive understanding of climate change. It upholds the high standards set by all Nature-branded journals, ensuring top-tier original research through a fair and rigorous review process, broad readership access, high standards of copy editing and production, rapid publication, and independence from academic societies and other vested interests. Nature Climate Change serves as a platform for discussion among experts, publishing opinion, analysis, and review articles. It also features Research Highlights to highlight important developments in the field and original reporting from renowned science journalists in the form of feature articles. Topics covered in the journal include adaptation, atmospheric science, ecology, economics, energy, impacts and vulnerability, mitigation, oceanography, policy, sociology, and sustainability, among others.
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