Min Liu, Xiangwen Meng, Zihua Xuan, Simeng Chen, Jin Wang, Zhiluo Chen, Jiayu Wang, Xiaoyi Jia
{"title":"二苗散通过miRNA-33/NLRP3信号通路对佐剂性关节炎大鼠腹腔巨噬细胞极化的影响","authors":"Min Liu, Xiangwen Meng, Zihua Xuan, Simeng Chen, Jin Wang, Zhiluo Chen, Jiayu Wang, Xiaoyi Jia","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2022.2066700","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Er Miao San (EMS) is a formulation that contains <i>Atractylodis Rhizoma</i> and <i>Phellodendri Cortex</i> in 1:1 ratio, and is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the mechanism of action and effects of EMS on peritoneal macrophage differentiation in a rat model of adjuvant arthritis (AA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>EMS (3, 1.5 and 0.75 g/kg; once daily) and methotrexate (0.5 mg/kg; once every 3 days) were administered orally from days 21 to 35 after immunisation. Paw swelling and arthritis index were measured; pathological changes in the ankle joint were observed using x-ray and haematoxylin eosin staining. The ratio of CD86/CD206 in macrophages was detected by flow cytometry. Examination of the miRNA-33/NLRP3 signalling pathway was examined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The levels of cytokines in the serum and cell supernatants were tested by ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EMS significantly reduced the AA index in rats (from 11.0 to 9.3) and pathological changes in the ankle joint (from 3.8 to 1.4). The ratio of CD86/CD206 was reduced, and polarisation to M1 improved (from 0.9 to 0.6) in macrophages of EMS-treated rats. EMS downregulated the miRNA-33/NLRP3 pathway. Furthermore, EMS treatment increased IL-10 and TGF-β levels in the serum and supernatant of macrophages of AA rats and simultaneously decreased the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that EMS may reduce macrophage polarisation to the M1 inflammatory phenotype by downregulating the miRNA-33/NLRP3 pathway in AA rats. These findings may provide new insights into the treatment of RA.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9132473/pdf/","citationCount":"10","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Effect of Er Miao San on peritoneal macrophage polarisation through the miRNA-33/NLRP3 signalling pathway in a rat model of adjuvant arthritis.\",\"authors\":\"Min Liu, Xiangwen Meng, Zihua Xuan, Simeng Chen, Jin Wang, Zhiluo Chen, Jiayu Wang, Xiaoyi Jia\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/13880209.2022.2066700\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Context: </strong>Er Miao San (EMS) is a formulation that contains <i>Atractylodis Rhizoma</i> and <i>Phellodendri Cortex</i> in 1:1 ratio, and is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory diseases.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We investigated the mechanism of action and effects of EMS on peritoneal macrophage differentiation in a rat model of adjuvant arthritis (AA).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>EMS (3, 1.5 and 0.75 g/kg; once daily) and methotrexate (0.5 mg/kg; once every 3 days) were administered orally from days 21 to 35 after immunisation. Paw swelling and arthritis index were measured; pathological changes in the ankle joint were observed using x-ray and haematoxylin eosin staining. The ratio of CD86/CD206 in macrophages was detected by flow cytometry. Examination of the miRNA-33/NLRP3 signalling pathway was examined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The levels of cytokines in the serum and cell supernatants were tested by ELISA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EMS significantly reduced the AA index in rats (from 11.0 to 9.3) and pathological changes in the ankle joint (from 3.8 to 1.4). The ratio of CD86/CD206 was reduced, and polarisation to M1 improved (from 0.9 to 0.6) in macrophages of EMS-treated rats. EMS downregulated the miRNA-33/NLRP3 pathway. Furthermore, EMS treatment increased IL-10 and TGF-β levels in the serum and supernatant of macrophages of AA rats and simultaneously decreased the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α.</p><p><strong>Discussion and conclusions: </strong>Our results suggest that EMS may reduce macrophage polarisation to the M1 inflammatory phenotype by downregulating the miRNA-33/NLRP3 pathway in AA rats. These findings may provide new insights into the treatment of RA.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":3,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"ACS Applied Electronic Materials\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-12-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9132473/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"10\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"ACS Applied Electronic Materials\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2022.2066700\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2022.2066700","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
Effect of Er Miao San on peritoneal macrophage polarisation through the miRNA-33/NLRP3 signalling pathway in a rat model of adjuvant arthritis.
Context: Er Miao San (EMS) is a formulation that contains Atractylodis Rhizoma and Phellodendri Cortex in 1:1 ratio, and is commonly used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory diseases.
Objective: We investigated the mechanism of action and effects of EMS on peritoneal macrophage differentiation in a rat model of adjuvant arthritis (AA).
Materials and methods: EMS (3, 1.5 and 0.75 g/kg; once daily) and methotrexate (0.5 mg/kg; once every 3 days) were administered orally from days 21 to 35 after immunisation. Paw swelling and arthritis index were measured; pathological changes in the ankle joint were observed using x-ray and haematoxylin eosin staining. The ratio of CD86/CD206 in macrophages was detected by flow cytometry. Examination of the miRNA-33/NLRP3 signalling pathway was examined by RT-qPCR and western blotting. The levels of cytokines in the serum and cell supernatants were tested by ELISA.
Results: EMS significantly reduced the AA index in rats (from 11.0 to 9.3) and pathological changes in the ankle joint (from 3.8 to 1.4). The ratio of CD86/CD206 was reduced, and polarisation to M1 improved (from 0.9 to 0.6) in macrophages of EMS-treated rats. EMS downregulated the miRNA-33/NLRP3 pathway. Furthermore, EMS treatment increased IL-10 and TGF-β levels in the serum and supernatant of macrophages of AA rats and simultaneously decreased the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α.
Discussion and conclusions: Our results suggest that EMS may reduce macrophage polarisation to the M1 inflammatory phenotype by downregulating the miRNA-33/NLRP3 pathway in AA rats. These findings may provide new insights into the treatment of RA.
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