从美国中产阶级女性到法国经理人:自信训练的跨大西洋轨迹,约1950 -1980年。

IF 1.1 4区 心理学 Q1 HISTORY OF SOCIAL SCIENCES
Lucie Gerber
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引用次数: 1

摘要

本文探讨了行为疗法对心理治疗概念和技术扩展到日常生活中的贡献,重点是自信训练的跨大西洋轨迹。它追溯了这种行为干预个体间关系的历史,从它作为一种治疗焦虑的方法出现在战后的美国,到20世纪80年代初它被引入法国的持续专业培训领域。为了理解不同国家和不同实践领域之间的差异,我首先考虑自信的定义,它是一种介于被动和进取之间的技能,这种技能是在美国随着它在治疗之外的应用而发展起来的。我将20世纪50年代至70年代自信训练的成功和失败与行为治疗和心理学的理论和战略创新,以及对政治和社会运动,特别是妇女运动的接受联系起来。这篇文章还表明,在国家、行业和目标受众之间发生变化的,不仅是对自信作为一种社会可接受的情感、需求和欲望的表达的理解,而且是由20世纪60年代的“发酵”推动的诊断和行动脚本。从美国的中产阶级妇女到法国的管理人员,角色社会化与自我实现和效率的新期望之间的紧张关系,证明了自信训练的扩大应用是合理的。继在自信训练中强调的行为缺陷模型之后,对自我表达和参与的要求越来越高,要求在私人和工作领域进行沟通技巧训练和人际关系的重新配置。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
From middle-class American women to French managers: The transatlantic trajectory of assertiveness training, c. 1950s-1980s.

This article explores the contribution of behavior therapy to the extension of psychotherapeutic notions and techniques into everyday life, focusing on the transatlantic trajectory of assertiveness training. It traces the history of this behavioral intervention into interindividual relations from its emergence as a treatment for anxiety in postwar United States to its importation into the French field of continuing professional training at the turn of the 1980s. To understand what traveled between countries and practical fields, I first consider the definition of assertiveness as a skill sitting halfway between passivity and aggressiveness, which developed in the United States along with its uses outside therapy. I relate the success and inflexions undergone by assertiveness training between the 1950s and the 1970s to theoretical and strategic innovations in behavioral therapy and psychology, as well as to the reception of political and social movements, especially the women's movement. This article also shows that what moved between countries, sectors, and target audiences was not only an understanding of assertiveness as a socially acceptable expression of feelings, needs, and wants, but also diagnostic and action scripts fueled by the "ferment" of the 1960s. From middle-class American women to French managers, the expanded applications of assertiveness training were justified by the rhetoric of tensions between role socialization and new expectations for self-fulfillment and efficiency. Following the behavioral deficit model emphasized in assertiveness training, increasing calls for self-expression and participation prescribed communication skill training and a reconfiguration of interpersonal relations, both in the private and the work sphere. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.40
自引率
20.00%
发文量
23
期刊介绍: History of Psychology features refereed articles addressing all aspects of psychology"s past and of its interrelationship with the many contexts within which it has emerged and has been practiced. It also publishes scholarly work in closely related areas, such as historical psychology (the history of consciousness and behavior), psychohistory, theory in psychology as it pertains to history, historiography, biography and autobiography, and the teaching of the history of psychology.
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