预测胚胎学实验室的成功:算法技术在知识生产中的应用》。

IF 3.1 2区 社会学 Q1 SOCIAL ISSUES
Science Technology & Human Values Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-11-15 DOI:10.1177/01622439211057105
Alina Geampana, Manuela Perrotta
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文分析了在生育治疗中越来越多地使用延时(TL)成像技术所带来的本地算法实践。延时摄影技术产生的数据有望帮助专业人员挑选出最适合植入的胚胎。尽管专业人士没有确凿证据证明延时摄影技术能提高受孕率,但延时摄影技术的出现却以深入了解胚胎和扩大选择标准化为特征。我们的研究探讨了胚胎学实验室使用 TL 工具的情况。我们特别关注通过 TL 及其算法促进的标准化工作和知识创造。利用来自英国五个临床基地的人种学数据,我们认为,通过 TL 生成的知识取决于复杂的人机互动,这些互动会产生局部的不确定性。因此,算法并不是简单地增加医学知识。相反,它们重新安排了专业实践和专业知识。首先,我们展示了 TL 如何改变实验室常规和培训需求。其次,我们展示了 TL 所需的人工输入使算法本身成为一种不确定的情景实践。这反过来又对算法在胚胎选择中的权威性提出了专业质疑。这篇文章展示了算法知识生产的嵌入式本质,从而指出科学、技术和社会科学学术界需要进一步探索算法和人工智能的地方性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Predicting Success in the Embryology Lab: The Use of Algorithmic Technologies in Knowledge Production.

Predicting Success in the Embryology Lab: The Use of Algorithmic Technologies in Knowledge Production.

This article analyzes local algorithmic practices resulting from the increased use of time-lapse (TL) imaging in fertility treatment. The data produced by TL technologies are expected to help professionals pick the best embryo for implantation. The emergence of TL has been characterized by promissory discourses of deeper embryo knowledge and expanded selection standardization, despite professionals having no conclusive evidence that TL improves pregnancy rates. Our research explores the use of TL tools in embryology labs. We pay special attention to standardization efforts and knowledge-creation facilitated through TL and its incorporated algorithms. Using ethnographic data from five UK clinical sites, we argue that knowledge generated through TL is contingent upon complex human-machine interactions that produce local uncertainties. Thus, algorithms do not simply add medical knowledge. Rather, they rearrange professional practice and expertise. Firstly, we show how TL changes lab routines and training needs. Secondly, we show that the human input TL requires renders the algorithm itself an uncertain and situated practice. This, in turn, raises professional questions about the algorithm's authority in embryo selection. The article demonstrates the embedded nature of algorithmic knowledge production, thus pointing to the need for STS scholarship to further explore the locality of algorithms and AI.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.70
自引率
6.50%
发文量
49
期刊介绍: As scientific advances improve our lives, they also complicate how we live and react to the new technologies. More and more, human values come into conflict with scientific advancement as we deal with important issues such as nuclear power, environmental degradation and information technology. Science, Technology, & Human Values is a peer-reviewed, international, interdisciplinary journal containing research, analyses and commentary on the development and dynamics of science and technology, including their relationship to politics, society and culture.
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