Anna Iliadi, Vera Enzler, Georgios Polychronis, Timo Peltomaki, Spiros Zinelis, Theodore Eliades
{"title":"Εffect清洁剂对体外正畸矫正器的组成和机械性能的影响。","authors":"Anna Iliadi, Vera Enzler, Georgios Polychronis, Timo Peltomaki, Spiros Zinelis, Theodore Eliades","doi":"10.1186/s40510-022-00449-w","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of three aligner cleaners on the composition and mechanical properties of two types of orthodontic aligners.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The cleaners tested were two alkaline peroxide solutions (Retainer Brite-RB; Retainer Cleaner-RC) and one peroxide-free (Steraligner-ST) and the aligners Clear Aligner (C, polyester) and Invisalign (I, polyester-urethane). The aligners were immersed in the cleaner solutions as instructed every day (15 min for RB, RC; 5 min for ST) for a two-week period. The acidity of the solutions was tested with a pH meter. The changes in the chemical composition of the aligners were studied by attenuated total-reflection Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (ATR-FTIR), while Instrumented Indentation Testing (IIT) was used for assessment of changes in Martens Hardness (HM), modulus (E<sub>IT</sub>), elastic index (n<sub>IT</sub>) and relaxation (R<sub>IT</sub>).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RB and RC were weakly acidic (pH = 6.3), whereas ST was mildly acidic (pH = 4.8). The ATR-FTIR analysis demonstrated evidence of acidic hydrolysis of C in ST and I in RB. The IIT-derived properties of I were not affected by the cleaners. However, for C a significant change was found in HM (all cleaners), n<sub>IT</sub> (all cleaners) and R<sub>IT</sub> (RB, ST). Although the chemical changes support a hydrolytic material deterioration, the results of mechanical properties may interfere with the material residual stresses during fabrication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Caution should be exerted in the selection of aligner cleaners. The mild acidic cleanser was more aggressive to the polyester, whereas an alkaline peroxide to the polyester-urethane aligner.</p>","PeriodicalId":56071,"journal":{"name":"Progress in Orthodontics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.8000,"publicationDate":"2022-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9751251/pdf/","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Εffect of cleansers on the composition and mechanical properties of orthodontic aligners in vitro.\",\"authors\":\"Anna Iliadi, Vera Enzler, Georgios Polychronis, Timo Peltomaki, Spiros Zinelis, Theodore Eliades\",\"doi\":\"10.1186/s40510-022-00449-w\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of three aligner cleaners on the composition and mechanical properties of two types of orthodontic aligners.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The cleaners tested were two alkaline peroxide solutions (Retainer Brite-RB; Retainer Cleaner-RC) and one peroxide-free (Steraligner-ST) and the aligners Clear Aligner (C, polyester) and Invisalign (I, polyester-urethane). The aligners were immersed in the cleaner solutions as instructed every day (15 min for RB, RC; 5 min for ST) for a two-week period. The acidity of the solutions was tested with a pH meter. The changes in the chemical composition of the aligners were studied by attenuated total-reflection Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (ATR-FTIR), while Instrumented Indentation Testing (IIT) was used for assessment of changes in Martens Hardness (HM), modulus (E<sub>IT</sub>), elastic index (n<sub>IT</sub>) and relaxation (R<sub>IT</sub>).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>RB and RC were weakly acidic (pH = 6.3), whereas ST was mildly acidic (pH = 4.8). The ATR-FTIR analysis demonstrated evidence of acidic hydrolysis of C in ST and I in RB. The IIT-derived properties of I were not affected by the cleaners. However, for C a significant change was found in HM (all cleaners), n<sub>IT</sub> (all cleaners) and R<sub>IT</sub> (RB, ST). Although the chemical changes support a hydrolytic material deterioration, the results of mechanical properties may interfere with the material residual stresses during fabrication.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Caution should be exerted in the selection of aligner cleaners. 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Εffect of cleansers on the composition and mechanical properties of orthodontic aligners in vitro.
Background: The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of three aligner cleaners on the composition and mechanical properties of two types of orthodontic aligners.
Materials and methods: The cleaners tested were two alkaline peroxide solutions (Retainer Brite-RB; Retainer Cleaner-RC) and one peroxide-free (Steraligner-ST) and the aligners Clear Aligner (C, polyester) and Invisalign (I, polyester-urethane). The aligners were immersed in the cleaner solutions as instructed every day (15 min for RB, RC; 5 min for ST) for a two-week period. The acidity of the solutions was tested with a pH meter. The changes in the chemical composition of the aligners were studied by attenuated total-reflection Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (ATR-FTIR), while Instrumented Indentation Testing (IIT) was used for assessment of changes in Martens Hardness (HM), modulus (EIT), elastic index (nIT) and relaxation (RIT).
Results: RB and RC were weakly acidic (pH = 6.3), whereas ST was mildly acidic (pH = 4.8). The ATR-FTIR analysis demonstrated evidence of acidic hydrolysis of C in ST and I in RB. The IIT-derived properties of I were not affected by the cleaners. However, for C a significant change was found in HM (all cleaners), nIT (all cleaners) and RIT (RB, ST). Although the chemical changes support a hydrolytic material deterioration, the results of mechanical properties may interfere with the material residual stresses during fabrication.
Conclusions: Caution should be exerted in the selection of aligner cleaners. The mild acidic cleanser was more aggressive to the polyester, whereas an alkaline peroxide to the polyester-urethane aligner.
期刊介绍：
Progress in Orthodontics is a fully open access, international journal owned by the Italian Society of Orthodontics and published under the brand SpringerOpen. The Society is currently covering all publication costs so there are no article processing charges for authors.
It is a premier journal of international scope that fosters orthodontic research, including both basic research and development of innovative clinical techniques, with an emphasis on the following areas:
• Mechanisms to improve orthodontics
• Clinical studies and control animal studies
• Orthodontics and genetics, genomics
• Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) control clinical trials
• Efficacy of orthodontic appliances and animal models
• Systematic reviews and meta analyses
• Mechanisms to speed orthodontic treatment
Progress in Orthodontics will consider for publication only meritorious and original contributions. These may be:
• Original articles reporting the findings of clinical trials, clinically relevant basic scientific investigations, or novel therapeutic or diagnostic systems
• Review articles on current topics
• Articles on novel techniques and clinical tools
• Articles of contemporary interest
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