Juncheng Ma, Juanru Wei, Gang Chen, Xiaowei Yan, Hechun Sun, Ning Li
{"title":"中国梧桐提取物体外抑制SARS-CoV-2和炎症。","authors":"Juncheng Ma, Juanru Wei, Gang Chen, Xiaowei Yan, Hechun Sun, Ning Li","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2023.2253841","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading rapidly. Relevant research based on the antiviral effects of <i>Thesium chinense</i> Turcz (Santalaceae) was not found.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of extracts of <i>T. chinense</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To investigate the anti-entry and replication effect of the ethanol extract of <i>T. chinense</i> (drug concentration 80, 160, 320, 640, 960 μg/mL) against the SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir (20.74 μM) was used as positive control, and Vero cells were used as host cells to detect the expression level of nucleocapsid protein (NP) in the virus by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. RAW264.7 cells were used as an anti-inflammatory experimental model under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction, and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ethanol extract of <i>T. chinense</i> significantly inhibited the replication (half maximal effective concentration, EC<sub>50</sub>: 259.3 μg/mL) and entry (EC<sub>50</sub>: 359.1 μg/mL) of SARS-CoV-2 into Vero cells, and significantly reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Petroleum ether (EC<sub>50</sub>: 163.6 μg/mL), ethyl acetate (EC<sub>50</sub>: 22.92 μg/mL) and <i>n</i>-butanol (EC<sub>50</sub>: 56.8 μg/mL) extracts showed weak inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells, and reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>T. chinense</i> can be a potential candidate to fight SARS-CoV-2, and is becoming a traditional Chinese medicine candidate for treating COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":19942,"journal":{"name":"Pharmaceutical Biology","volume":"61 1","pages":"1446-1453"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10486283/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Extracts of <i>Thesium chinense</i> inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and inflammation <i>in vitro</i>.\",\"authors\":\"Juncheng Ma, Juanru Wei, Gang Chen, Xiaowei Yan, Hechun Sun, Ning Li\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/13880209.2023.2253841\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading rapidly. Relevant research based on the antiviral effects of <i>Thesium chinense</i> Turcz (Santalaceae) was not found.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of extracts of <i>T. chinense</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To investigate the anti-entry and replication effect of the ethanol extract of <i>T. chinense</i> (drug concentration 80, 160, 320, 640, 960 μg/mL) against the SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir (20.74 μM) was used as positive control, and Vero cells were used as host cells to detect the expression level of nucleocapsid protein (NP) in the virus by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. RAW264.7 cells were used as an anti-inflammatory experimental model under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction, and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ethanol extract of <i>T. chinense</i> significantly inhibited the replication (half maximal effective concentration, EC<sub>50</sub>: 259.3 μg/mL) and entry (EC<sub>50</sub>: 359.1 μg/mL) of SARS-CoV-2 into Vero cells, and significantly reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Petroleum ether (EC<sub>50</sub>: 163.6 μg/mL), ethyl acetate (EC<sub>50</sub>: 22.92 μg/mL) and <i>n</i>-butanol (EC<sub>50</sub>: 56.8 μg/mL) extracts showed weak inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells, and reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>T. chinense</i> can be a potential candidate to fight SARS-CoV-2, and is becoming a traditional Chinese medicine candidate for treating COVID-19.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":19942,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Pharmaceutical Biology\",\"volume\":\"61 1\",\"pages\":\"1446-1453\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.9000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-09-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10486283/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Pharmaceutical Biology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2023.2253841\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Pharmaceutical Biology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2023.2253841","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MEDICAL LABORATORY TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Extracts of Thesium chinense inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and inflammation in vitro.
Context: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading rapidly. Relevant research based on the antiviral effects of Thesium chinense Turcz (Santalaceae) was not found.
Objective: To investigate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of extracts of T. chinense.
Materials and methods: To investigate the anti-entry and replication effect of the ethanol extract of T. chinense (drug concentration 80, 160, 320, 640, 960 μg/mL) against the SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir (20.74 μM) was used as positive control, and Vero cells were used as host cells to detect the expression level of nucleocapsid protein (NP) in the virus by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. RAW264.7 cells were used as an anti-inflammatory experimental model under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction, and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: The ethanol extract of T. chinense significantly inhibited the replication (half maximal effective concentration, EC50: 259.3 μg/mL) and entry (EC50: 359.1 μg/mL) of SARS-CoV-2 into Vero cells, and significantly reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Petroleum ether (EC50: 163.6 μg/mL), ethyl acetate (EC50: 22.92 μg/mL) and n-butanol (EC50: 56.8 μg/mL) extracts showed weak inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells, and reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.
Conclusion: T. chinense can be a potential candidate to fight SARS-CoV-2, and is becoming a traditional Chinese medicine candidate for treating COVID-19.
期刊介绍：
Pharmaceutical Biology will publish manuscripts describing the discovery, methods for discovery, description, analysis characterization, and production/isolation (including sources and surveys) of biologically-active chemicals or other substances, drugs, pharmaceutical products, or preparations utilized in systems of traditional medicine.
Topics may generally encompass any facet of natural product research related to pharmaceutical biology. Papers dealing with agents or topics related to natural product drugs are also appropriate (e.g., semi-synthetic derivatives). Manuscripts will be published as reviews, perspectives, regular research articles, and short communications. The primary criteria for acceptance and publication are scientific rigor and potential to advance the field.
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