Juncheng Ma, Juanru Wei, Gang Chen, Xiaowei Yan, Hechun Sun, Ning Li
{"title":"中国梧桐提取物体外抑制SARS-CoV-2和炎症。","authors":"Juncheng Ma, Juanru Wei, Gang Chen, Xiaowei Yan, Hechun Sun, Ning Li","doi":"10.1080/13880209.2023.2253841","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading rapidly. Relevant research based on the antiviral effects of <i>Thesium chinense</i> Turcz (Santalaceae) was not found.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of extracts of <i>T. chinense</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To investigate the anti-entry and replication effect of the ethanol extract of <i>T. chinense</i> (drug concentration 80, 160, 320, 640, 960 μg/mL) against the SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir (20.74 μM) was used as positive control, and Vero cells were used as host cells to detect the expression level of nucleocapsid protein (NP) in the virus by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. RAW264.7 cells were used as an anti-inflammatory experimental model under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction, and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ethanol extract of <i>T. chinense</i> significantly inhibited the replication (half maximal effective concentration, EC<sub>50</sub>: 259.3 μg/mL) and entry (EC<sub>50</sub>: 359.1 μg/mL) of SARS-CoV-2 into Vero cells, and significantly reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Petroleum ether (EC<sub>50</sub>: 163.6 μg/mL), ethyl acetate (EC<sub>50</sub>: 22.92 μg/mL) and <i>n</i>-butanol (EC<sub>50</sub>: 56.8 μg/mL) extracts showed weak inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells, and reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>T. chinense</i> can be a potential candidate to fight SARS-CoV-2, and is becoming a traditional Chinese medicine candidate for treating COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":3,"journal":{"name":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10486283/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Extracts of <i>Thesium chinense</i> inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and inflammation <i>in vitro</i>.\",\"authors\":\"Juncheng Ma, Juanru Wei, Gang Chen, Xiaowei Yan, Hechun Sun, Ning Li\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/13880209.2023.2253841\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><strong>Context: </strong>The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading rapidly. Relevant research based on the antiviral effects of <i>Thesium chinense</i> Turcz (Santalaceae) was not found.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of extracts of <i>T. chinense</i>.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>To investigate the anti-entry and replication effect of the ethanol extract of <i>T. chinense</i> (drug concentration 80, 160, 320, 640, 960 μg/mL) against the SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir (20.74 μM) was used as positive control, and Vero cells were used as host cells to detect the expression level of nucleocapsid protein (NP) in the virus by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. RAW264.7 cells were used as an anti-inflammatory experimental model under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction, and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ethanol extract of <i>T. chinense</i> significantly inhibited the replication (half maximal effective concentration, EC<sub>50</sub>: 259.3 μg/mL) and entry (EC<sub>50</sub>: 359.1 μg/mL) of SARS-CoV-2 into Vero cells, and significantly reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Petroleum ether (EC<sub>50</sub>: 163.6 μg/mL), ethyl acetate (EC<sub>50</sub>: 22.92 μg/mL) and <i>n</i>-butanol (EC<sub>50</sub>: 56.8 μg/mL) extracts showed weak inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells, and reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong><i>T. chinense</i> can be a potential candidate to fight SARS-CoV-2, and is becoming a traditional Chinese medicine candidate for treating COVID-19.</p>\",\"PeriodicalId\":3,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"ACS Applied Electronic Materials\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":4.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-09-07\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10486283/pdf/\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"ACS Applied Electronic Materials\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2023.2253841\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"材料科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"ACS Applied Electronic Materials","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2023.2253841","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"ENGINEERING, ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC","Score":null,"Total":0}
Extracts of Thesium chinense inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and inflammation in vitro.
Context: The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading rapidly. Relevant research based on the antiviral effects of Thesium chinense Turcz (Santalaceae) was not found.
Objective: To investigate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of extracts of T. chinense.
Materials and methods: To investigate the anti-entry and replication effect of the ethanol extract of T. chinense (drug concentration 80, 160, 320, 640, 960 μg/mL) against the SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir (20.74 μM) was used as positive control, and Vero cells were used as host cells to detect the expression level of nucleocapsid protein (NP) in the virus by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. RAW264.7 cells were used as an anti-inflammatory experimental model under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction, and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
Results: The ethanol extract of T. chinense significantly inhibited the replication (half maximal effective concentration, EC50: 259.3 μg/mL) and entry (EC50: 359.1 μg/mL) of SARS-CoV-2 into Vero cells, and significantly reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Petroleum ether (EC50: 163.6 μg/mL), ethyl acetate (EC50: 22.92 μg/mL) and n-butanol (EC50: 56.8 μg/mL) extracts showed weak inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells, and reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells.
Conclusion: T. chinense can be a potential candidate to fight SARS-CoV-2, and is becoming a traditional Chinese medicine candidate for treating COVID-19.
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