Impact of Myocardial Ischemia and Revascularization by Percutaneous Coronary Intervention on Circulating Level of Soluble ST2.

Background: The prognostic role of the soluble circulating suppression of tumorigenicity 2 marker (sST2) in different cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is still under investigation. This research aimed to assess the serum levels of sST2 in the blood of individuals with ischemic heart disease and its relation to disease severity, also to examine any changes in sST2 levels following a successful percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in those patients.

Methods: A total of 33 ischemic patients and 30 non-ischemic controls were included. The plasma level of sST2 was measured using commercially available ELISA assay kit, at baseline and 24-48 h after the intervention in the ischemic group.

Results: On admission, there was a significant difference between the group of acute/chronic coronary syndrome cases and controls regarding the sST2 plasma level (p < 0.001). There was an insignificant difference between the three ischemic subgroups at the baseline sST2 level (p = 0.38). The plasma sST2 level decreased significantly after PCI (from 20.70 ± 1.71 to 16.51 ± 2.43, p = 0.006). There was a modestly just significant positive correlation between the acute change in post-PCI sST2 level and the severity of ischemia as measured by the Modified Gensini Score (MGS) (r = 0.45, p = 0.05). In spite of the highly significant improvement in the coronary TIMI flow of ischemic group after PCI, there was insignificant negative correlation between the post- PCI delta change in the sST2 level and the post-PCI TIMI coronary flow grade.

Conclusion: A significantly high plasma level of sST2 in patients with myocardial ischemia and controlled cardiovascular risk factors showed an immediate reduction after successful revascularization. The high baseline level of the sST2 marker and the acute post-PCI reduction was mainly related to the severity of ischemia rather than left ventricular function.