Charlotte Arnal, Faten Belhadj-Kaabi, Valérie Ingrand
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引用次数: 0
摘要
由于抗生素的大量使用,抗菌素耐药性(AMR)不断蔓延,危及全球疾病控制和环境质量。细菌或抗菌药耐药性基因的来源与人类活动有关:城市、医院和工业排放物、畜牧场)。卫生系统--下水道、废水处理和污泥处理(WWTP)--在 AMR 问题上的作用尚未得到科学界的明确证实。迄今为止的数据显示,它们可以消除部分细菌、基因和抗生素,尽管这并不是它们的主要职责。因此,污水处理厂在限制环境中的传播方面发挥着重要的过滤作用。另一方面,一些学者警告说,鉴于各种类型的微生物菌株之间有利于交换遗传物质并接触选择性制剂,污水处理厂有可能参与选择新的抗药性病菌。如今,人们对抗生素抗药性的选择机制以及卫生系统中细菌和抗药性基因的命运的了解仍然有限。需要开展研究,以更好地确定废水系统的贡献以及废水、循环水、雨水和污泥处理工艺的性能。
[Which contribution of wastewater treatment plants in the fight against antimicrobial resistance?]
Due to the massive use of antibiotics, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) continues to spread, endangering global disease control and environmental quality. The sources of bacteria or antimicrobial resistance genes are linked to human activities: urban, hospital and industrial discharges, livestock farms). The role of sanitation systems-sewerage, wastewater treatment and sludge treatment (WWTP)-in the problem of AMR has not yet been clearly established by the scientific community. The data available to date show that they eliminate part of the bacteria, genes and antibiotics, although this is not their primary vocation. WWTPs thus play an important filtering role to limit dissemination in the environment. On the other hand, some authors warn against their potential involvement in the selection of new resistant germs, given the conditions conducive to the exchange of genetic material between microbial strains of various types and exposed to selective agents. Today, knowledge of the mechanisms involved in the selection of antibiotic resistance and the fate of bacteria and resistance genes within sanitation systems remains limited. Research is needed to better characterize the contribution of wastewater systems and the performance of wastewater, recycled water, stormwater and sludge treatment processes.