螺螺神经节、心脏和肝脏犬尿氨酸水平及犬尿氨酸转氨酶I、II和III活性

IF 2.5 Q3 CELL BIOLOGY
Carina Kronsteiner, Halina Baran, Berthold Kepplinger
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景/目的:犬尿氨酸(KYNA)是一种内源性谷氨酸嗜离子性兴奋性氨基酸(EAA)受体和α7烟碱乙酰胆碱受体(nAChR)的拮抗剂,是沿犬尿氨酸途径的色氨酸代谢物。KYNA参与各种病理条件和衰老过程是重要的。l -犬尿氨酸(L-KYN)通过多种犬尿氨酸转氨酶(KATs)的作用合成KYNA,存在于哺乳动物的中枢神经系统(CNS)和外周。在体外研究中,我们感兴趣的是研究螺旋螺的大脑和外周器官合成KYNA的能力。在大鼠和蜗牛的比较研究中,我们寻找肝脏中KYNA的合成。然后我们寻找年龄对KYNA合成的影响。方法:采用螺壳质量、壳重、壳长、壳宽、壳高、壳开长、壳开宽、壳唇宽、壳转数、壳外生长环等10个参数,建立年龄评定量表(ARS)。根据ARS测定钉螺年龄,并将钉螺分为青年、中年和老年3组。解剖区域的匀浆,即大脑神经节(CG),咽下神经节(SG)组成的踏板,内脏和胸膜神经节,心脏和肝脏,进行了检查。采用高效液相色谱法测定KYNA,酶法测定KAT活性。结果:在ARS方面,幼龄(1 ~ 2岁)、中年(5 ~ 7岁)和老年(9 ~ 13岁)钉螺的年龄评价存在显著差异(p)。结论:由于KAT活性的存在,中枢神经系统区域和钉螺尾部螺旋外围能够合成KYNA。在蜗牛肝脏中,KAT I活性随着年龄的增长而增加。值得注意的是,在心脏中,特别是在螺旋鱼的中枢神经系统中,KAT活性没有与年龄相关的增加,这表明与哺乳动物有显著差异。在长达14年的研究期间,螺旋螺的适度KYNA代谢可能是一种生理现象,可以保护器官免受因高KYNA水平而可能出现的功能不足,正如所建议的那样。因此,寻找能够调节蜗牛体内KYNA浓度的因子是合理的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Kynurenic Acid Levels and Kynurenine Aminotransferase I, II and III Activities in Ganglia, Heart and Liver of Snail Helix Pomatia.

Background/aims: Kynurenic acid (KYNA), a tryptophan metabolite along the kynurenine pathway, is an endogenous antagonist of glutamate ionotropic excitatory amino acid (EAA) receptors and the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR). The involvement of KYNA in various pathological conditions and during the aging process is significant. KYNA synthesis from L-kynurenine (L-KYN), through the action of several kynurenine aminotransferases (KATs), is present in the central nervous system (CNS) and periphery of mammals. We were interested in investigating the ability of the brain and peripheral organs of Helix pomatia snails to synthesize KYNA, in an in vitro study. In comparative studies between rat and snail, we looked for the synthesis of KYNA in the liver. We then looked for an effect of age on KYNA synthesis.

Methods: Ten shell parameters of the Helix pomatia snail were used to establish an Age Rating Scale (ARS), i.e. body weight, shell weight, shell length, width and height, shell opening length and width, lip width, number of shell turns and external shell growth rings. An age of the snails was determined according to the ARS and the snails were divided into three groups, i.e. young, middle and old age. Homogenates of dissected regions, i.e. cerebral ganglia (CG), subpharyngeal ganglia (SG) consisting of pedal, visceral and pleural ganglia, heart and liver, were examined. KYNA was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and KAT activities were measured by an enzymatic method.

Results: With respect to ARS, an evaluation of the age of the snails between young (1-2 years), middle (5-7 years) and old (9-13 years) showed significant differences (p<0.001). Analysis of KYNA levels in different snail tissues, i.e. CG, SG, heart and liver, showed an occurrence in the low femtomolar range. Marked and significant increases of KYNA were found in the liver of middle and old age groups. In the SG, KYNA decreased significantly with age. There were no differences in KYNA levels between groups in CG and heart. The lowest KAT activity was found in CG and SG (5 pmol/mg/h), while in heart and liver the values were visibly higher (between 8 and 80 pmol/mg/h). Only in the liver, and exceptionally only for KAT I, the activity increased significantly with age, i.e. up to 14 years. No age-related changes in KAT I, II and III activities were found in CG and SG. Snail liver shows a different pattern of KAT activities compared to the rat liver.

Conclusion: Regions of the CNS and periphery of the snail Helix pomatia are able to synthesize KYNA due to KAT activities. In the snail liver, KAT I activity increased with age. Notably, there was no age-related increase in KAT activities in the heart and especially in the CNS of Helix pomatia, indicating significant differences from mammals. A moderate KYNA metabolism in the Helix pomatia snail in the periods studied, up to 14 years, could be a physiological phenomenon that protects organs from possible functional insufficiency due to high KYNA levels, as has been suggested. It is reasonable to search for the factor(s) that could regulate the concentration of KYNA in the body of the snail.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
86
审稿时长
1 months
期刊介绍: Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry is a multidisciplinary scientific forum dedicated to advancing the frontiers of basic cellular research. It addresses scientists from both the physiological and biochemical disciplines as well as related fields such as genetics, molecular biology, pathophysiology, pathobiochemistry and cellular toxicology & pharmacology. Original papers and reviews on the mechanisms of intracellular transmission, cellular metabolism, cell growth, differentiation and death, ion channels and carriers, and the maintenance, regulation and disturbances of cell volume are presented. Appearing monthly under peer review, Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry takes an active role in the concerted international effort to unravel the mechanisms of cellular function.
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