{"title":"来自亚高山和高山栖息地的毛蕊花科：新种 Entomortierella、Linnemannia、Mortierella、Podila 和 Tyroliella gen.","authors":"A Telagathoti, M Probst, E Mandolini, U Peintner","doi":"10.3114/sim.2022.103.02","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fungi are incredibly diverse, but they are unexplored, especially in the subalpine and alpine zone. <i>Mortierellaceae</i> are certainly one of the most abundant, species-rich, and widely distributed cultivable soil fungal families in terrestrial habitats, including subalpine and alpine zones. The phylogeny of <i>Mortierellaceae</i> was recently resolved based on current state of the art molecular techniques, and the paraphyletic genus <i>Mortierella sensu lato</i> (<i>s.l.</i>) was divided into 13 monophyletic genera. Our extensive sampling campaigns in the Austrian Alps resulted in 139 different <i>Mortierellaceae</i> pure culture isolates representing 13 new species. For the definition of taxa, we applied both classical morphological criteria, as well as modern DNA-based methods. Phylogenetic relationships were resolved based on the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA ITS), the large subunit (LSU), and the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II largest subunit 1 (<i>RPB1</i>). In this study, we proposed a new genus and described 13 new species belonging to the genera <i>Entomortierella</i>, <i>Linnemannia</i>, <i>Mortierella</i> and <i>Podila</i>. In addition, we proposed eight new combinations, re-defined <i>E. jenkinii</i> at species level, defined a neotype for <i>M. alpina</i> and lecto- as well as epitypes for <i>M. fatshederae</i>, <i>M. jenkinii,</i> and <i>M. longigemmata.</i> The rDNA ITS region is generally applied as classical barcoding gene for fungi. However, the obtained phylogenetic resolution is often too low for an accurate identification of closely related species of <i>Mortierellaceae</i>, especially for small sampling sizes. In such cases, unambiguous identification can be obtained based on morphological characters of pure culture isolates. Therefore, we also provide dichotomous keys for species identification within phylogenetic lineages. <b>Taxonomic novelties:</b> <b>new genus:</b> <i>Tyroliella</i> Telagathoti, Probst & Peintner; <b>New species:</b> <i>Entomortierella galaxiae</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia bainierella</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia stellaris</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia nimbosa</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia mannui</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia friederikiana</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia scordiella</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia solitaria</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Mortierella triangularis</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Mortierella lapis</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Podila himami</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Podila occulta</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Tyroliella animus-liberi</i> Telagathoti, Probst & Peintner; <b>New combinations:</b> <i>Entomortierella basiparvispora</i> (W. Gams & Grinb.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Entomortierella jenkinii</i> (A.L. Sm.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner; <i>Entomortierella sugadairana</i> (Y. Takash. <i>et al.</i>) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia zonata</i> (Linnem. ex W. Gams) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia fluviae</i> (Hyang B. Lee <i>et al.</i>) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia biramosa</i> (Tiegh.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia cogitans</i> (Degawa) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Tyroliella pseudozygospora</i> (W. Gams & Carreiro) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner; <b>Epitypifications (basionyms):</b> <i>Mortierella bainieri</i> var. <i>jenkinii</i> A.L. Sm., <i>Mortierella fatshederae</i> Linnem., <i>Mortierella longigemmata</i> Linnem. <b>Neotypification (basionym):</b> <i>Mortierella alpina</i> Peyronel. <b>Citation:</b> Telagathoti A, Probst M, Mandolini E, Peintner U (2022). <i>Mortierellaceae</i> from subalpine and alpine habitats: new species of <i>Entomortierella, Linnemannia, Mortierella, Podila</i> and <i>Tyroliella gen. nov. Studies in Mycology</i> <b>103</b>: 25-58. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.103.02.</p>","PeriodicalId":22036,"journal":{"name":"Studies in Mycology","volume":"103 ","pages":"25-58"},"PeriodicalIF":14.1000,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10277274/pdf/","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"<i>Mortierellaceae</i> from subalpine and alpine habitats: new species of <i>Entomortierella, Linnemannia, Mortierella, Podila</i> and <i>Tyroliella gen. nov.</i>\",\"authors\":\"A Telagathoti, M Probst, E Mandolini, U Peintner\",\"doi\":\"10.3114/sim.2022.103.02\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<p><p>Fungi are incredibly diverse, but they are unexplored, especially in the subalpine and alpine zone. <i>Mortierellaceae</i> are certainly one of the most abundant, species-rich, and widely distributed cultivable soil fungal families in terrestrial habitats, including subalpine and alpine zones. The phylogeny of <i>Mortierellaceae</i> was recently resolved based on current state of the art molecular techniques, and the paraphyletic genus <i>Mortierella sensu lato</i> (<i>s.l.</i>) was divided into 13 monophyletic genera. Our extensive sampling campaigns in the Austrian Alps resulted in 139 different <i>Mortierellaceae</i> pure culture isolates representing 13 new species. For the definition of taxa, we applied both classical morphological criteria, as well as modern DNA-based methods. Phylogenetic relationships were resolved based on the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA ITS), the large subunit (LSU), and the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II largest subunit 1 (<i>RPB1</i>). In this study, we proposed a new genus and described 13 new species belonging to the genera <i>Entomortierella</i>, <i>Linnemannia</i>, <i>Mortierella</i> and <i>Podila</i>. In addition, we proposed eight new combinations, re-defined <i>E. jenkinii</i> at species level, defined a neotype for <i>M. alpina</i> and lecto- as well as epitypes for <i>M. fatshederae</i>, <i>M. jenkinii,</i> and <i>M. longigemmata.</i> The rDNA ITS region is generally applied as classical barcoding gene for fungi. However, the obtained phylogenetic resolution is often too low for an accurate identification of closely related species of <i>Mortierellaceae</i>, especially for small sampling sizes. In such cases, unambiguous identification can be obtained based on morphological characters of pure culture isolates. Therefore, we also provide dichotomous keys for species identification within phylogenetic lineages. <b>Taxonomic novelties:</b> <b>new genus:</b> <i>Tyroliella</i> Telagathoti, Probst & Peintner; <b>New species:</b> <i>Entomortierella galaxiae</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia bainierella</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia stellaris</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia nimbosa</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia mannui</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia friederikiana</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia scordiella</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia solitaria</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Mortierella triangularis</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Mortierella lapis</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Podila himami</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Podila occulta</i> Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Tyroliella animus-liberi</i> Telagathoti, Probst & Peintner; <b>New combinations:</b> <i>Entomortierella basiparvispora</i> (W. Gams & Grinb.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Entomortierella jenkinii</i> (A.L. Sm.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner; <i>Entomortierella sugadairana</i> (Y. Takash. <i>et al.</i>) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia zonata</i> (Linnem. ex W. Gams) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia fluviae</i> (Hyang B. Lee <i>et al.</i>) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia biramosa</i> (Tiegh.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Linnemannia cogitans</i> (Degawa) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, <i>Tyroliella pseudozygospora</i> (W. Gams & Carreiro) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner; <b>Epitypifications (basionyms):</b> <i>Mortierella bainieri</i> var. <i>jenkinii</i> A.L. Sm., <i>Mortierella fatshederae</i> Linnem., <i>Mortierella longigemmata</i> Linnem. <b>Neotypification (basionym):</b> <i>Mortierella alpina</i> Peyronel. <b>Citation:</b> Telagathoti A, Probst M, Mandolini E, Peintner U (2022). <i>Mortierellaceae</i> from subalpine and alpine habitats: new species of <i>Entomortierella, Linnemannia, Mortierella, Podila</i> and <i>Tyroliella gen. nov. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
真菌的多样性令人难以置信，但它们尚未被开发，尤其是在亚高山和高寒地带。毛蕊花科（Mortierellaceae）无疑是陆地栖息地（包括亚高山和高寒地带）中数量最多、物种最丰富、分布最广的可栽培土壤真菌科之一。根据目前最先进的分子技术，最近对毛蕊花科的系统发育进行了解析，并将旁系的毛蕊花属（mortierella sensu lato，s.l.）划分为 13 个单系属。我们在奥地利阿尔卑斯山进行了广泛的采样活动，获得了 139 个不同的毛蕊花科纯培养分离物，代表 13 个新种。在定义类群时，我们采用了经典的形态学标准和基于 DNA 的现代方法。根据核糖体 DNA 内部转录间隔（rDNA ITS）、大亚基（LSU）和 DNA 引导的 RNA 聚合酶 II 最大亚基 1（RPB1）确定了系统发育关系。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个新属，并描述了属于 Entomortierella 属、Linnemannia 属、Mortierella 属和 Podila 属的 13 个新种。此外，我们还提出了 8 个新的组合，将 E. jenkinii 重新定义为种，为 M. alpina 和 lecto- 定义了新模式，并为 M. fatshederae、M. jenkinii 和 M. longigemmata 定义了表型。rDNA ITS 区域通常被用作真菌的经典条形码基因。然而，所获得的系统发育分辨率往往过低，无法准确鉴定毛蕊花科的近缘种，尤其是在取样量较小的情况下。在这种情况下，可以根据纯培养分离物的形态特征进行明确鉴定。因此，我们还提供了系统发生系内物种鉴定的二分法。分类学新发现：新属：Tyroliella Telagathoti, Probst & Peintner；新种：Entomortierella galaxiae Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia bainierella Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia stellaris Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia nimbosa Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia nimbosa Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner.Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia mannui Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia friederikiana Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia scordiella Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia stellaris Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia nimbosa Telagathoti, M.Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia solitaria Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Mortierella triangularis Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Mortierella lapis Telagathoti, M.Probst & Peintner, Podila himami Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Podila occulta Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Tyroliella animus-liberi Telagathoti, Probst & Peintner; New combinations：Entomortierella basiparvispora (W. Gams & Grinb.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Entomortierella jenkinii (A.L. Sm.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner; Entomortierella sugadairana (Y. Takash. et al.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia zonata (Linnem. ex W. Gams) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner.Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia fluviae （Hyang B. Lee et al.Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia cogitans (Degawa) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Tyroliella pseudozygospora (W. Gams & Carreiro) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner; Epitypifications (basionyms)：Mortierella bainieri var.Neotypification (basionym)：Mortierella alpina Peyronel.引用：Telagathoti A, Probst M, Mandolini E, Peintner U (2022).来自亚高山和高山栖息地的毛地黄科：新种 Entomortierella、Linnemannia、Mortierella、Podila 和 Tyroliella gen.Doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.103.02.
Mortierellaceae from subalpine and alpine habitats: new species of Entomortierella, Linnemannia, Mortierella, Podila and Tyroliella gen. nov.
Fungi are incredibly diverse, but they are unexplored, especially in the subalpine and alpine zone. Mortierellaceae are certainly one of the most abundant, species-rich, and widely distributed cultivable soil fungal families in terrestrial habitats, including subalpine and alpine zones. The phylogeny of Mortierellaceae was recently resolved based on current state of the art molecular techniques, and the paraphyletic genus Mortierella sensu lato (s.l.) was divided into 13 monophyletic genera. Our extensive sampling campaigns in the Austrian Alps resulted in 139 different Mortierellaceae pure culture isolates representing 13 new species. For the definition of taxa, we applied both classical morphological criteria, as well as modern DNA-based methods. Phylogenetic relationships were resolved based on the ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (rDNA ITS), the large subunit (LSU), and the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II largest subunit 1 (RPB1). In this study, we proposed a new genus and described 13 new species belonging to the genera Entomortierella, Linnemannia, Mortierella and Podila. In addition, we proposed eight new combinations, re-defined E. jenkinii at species level, defined a neotype for M. alpina and lecto- as well as epitypes for M. fatshederae, M. jenkinii, and M. longigemmata. The rDNA ITS region is generally applied as classical barcoding gene for fungi. However, the obtained phylogenetic resolution is often too low for an accurate identification of closely related species of Mortierellaceae, especially for small sampling sizes. In such cases, unambiguous identification can be obtained based on morphological characters of pure culture isolates. Therefore, we also provide dichotomous keys for species identification within phylogenetic lineages. Taxonomic novelties:new genus:Tyroliella Telagathoti, Probst & Peintner; New species:Entomortierella galaxiae Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia bainierella Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia stellaris Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia nimbosa Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia mannui Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia friederikiana Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia scordiella Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia solitaria Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Mortierella triangularis Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Mortierella lapis Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Podila himami Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Podila occulta Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Tyroliella animus-liberi Telagathoti, Probst & Peintner; New combinations:Entomortierella basiparvispora (W. Gams & Grinb.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Entomortierella jenkinii (A.L. Sm.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner; Entomortierella sugadairana (Y. Takash. et al.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia zonata (Linnem. ex W. Gams) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia fluviae (Hyang B. Lee et al.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia biramosa (Tiegh.) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Linnemannia cogitans (Degawa) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner, Tyroliella pseudozygospora (W. Gams & Carreiro) Telagathoti, M. Probst & Peintner; Epitypifications (basionyms):Mortierella bainieri var. jenkinii A.L. Sm., Mortierella fatshederae Linnem., Mortierella longigemmata Linnem. Neotypification (basionym):Mortierella alpina Peyronel. Citation: Telagathoti A, Probst M, Mandolini E, Peintner U (2022). Mortierellaceae from subalpine and alpine habitats: new species of Entomortierella, Linnemannia, Mortierella, Podila and Tyroliella gen. nov. Studies in Mycology103: 25-58. doi: 10.3114/sim.2022.103.02.
期刊介绍：
The international journal Studies in Mycology focuses on advancing the understanding of filamentous fungi, yeasts, and various aspects of mycology. It publishes comprehensive systematic monographs as well as topical issues covering a wide range of subjects including biotechnology, ecology, molecular biology, pathology, and systematics. This Open-Access journal offers unrestricted access to its content.
Each issue of Studies in Mycology consists of around 5 to 6 papers, either in the form of monographs or special focused topics. Unlike traditional length restrictions, the journal encourages submissions of manuscripts with a minimum of 50 A4 pages in print. This ensures a thorough exploration and presentation of the research findings, maximizing the depth of the published work.
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