主要真菌病原菌pH敏感的保守性和发散性特征。

IF 3.1 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY
Current Clinical Microbiology Reports Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-07-28 DOI:10.1007/s40588-023-00195-5
Shadab Farhadi Cheshmeh Morvari, Bethany L McCann, Elaine M Bignell
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引用次数: 0

摘要

综述目的:对于人类真菌病原体,细胞外pH的感觉感知对于哺乳动物组织的定植和免疫逃避至关重要。感知和传递真菌pH信号的分子复合物是膜近端的,对毒力至关重要,因此作为新的抗真菌药物靶点备受关注。有趣的是,感觉机制在不同的真菌病原体中进化不同,但细胞成分的空间协调是保守的。最近的发现:最近在担子菌病原体隐球菌中发现了一种新型pH传感器,这突出表明,尽管真菌pH传感器的分子保守性在进化上受到限制,但它们的亚细胞定位和与细胞ESCRT机制的重要组分的耦合是细胞pH传感和适应机制的一致特征。在担子菌门和子囊菌门中,pH传感复合物所定位的质膜的脂质组成似乎具有关键的功能重要性。pH敏感复合物的内吞作用发生在多种真菌中,但其与信号转导的相关性似乎并不普遍。摘要:我们对当前理解的概述强调了模型和致病真菌物种中pH传感机制的保守和不同机制,以及必须解决的重要未回答的问题,以便为未来对此类传感机制的研究提供信息,并制定操纵它们的治疗策略。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Conserved and Divergent Features of pH Sensing in Major Fungal Pathogens.

Conserved and Divergent Features of pH Sensing in Major Fungal Pathogens.

Purpose of review: For human fungal pathogens, sensory perception of extracellular pH is essential for colonisation of mammalian tissues and immune evasion. The molecular complexes that perceive and transmit the fungal pH signal are membrane-proximal and essential for virulence and are therefore of interest as novel antifungal drug targets. Intriguingly, the sensory machinery has evolved divergently in different fungal pathogens, yet spatial co-ordination of cellular components is conserved.

Recent findings: The recent discovery of a novel pH sensor in the basidiomycete pathogen Cryptococcus neformans highlights that, although the molecular conservation of fungal pH sensors is evolutionarily restricted, their subcellular localisation and coupling to essential components of the cellular ESCRT machinery are consistent features of the cellular pH sensing and adaptation mechanism. In both basidiomycetes and ascomycetes, the lipid composition of the plasma membrane to which pH sensing complexes are localised appears to have pivotal functional importance. Endocytosis of pH-sensing complexes occurs in multiple fungal species, but its relevance for signal transduction appears not to be universal.

Summary: Our overview of current understanding highlights conserved and divergent mechanisms of the pH sensing machinery in model and pathogenic fungal species, as well as important unanswered questions that must be addressed to inform the future study of such sensing mechanisms and to devise therapeutic strategies for manipulating them.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.50
自引率
1.90%
发文量
9
期刊介绍: Current Clinical Microbiology Reports commissions expert reviews from leading scientists at the forefront of research in microbiology. The journal covers this broad field by dividing it into four key main areas of study: virology, bacteriology, parasitology, and mycology. Within each of the four sections, experts from around the world address important aspects of clinical microbiology such as immunology, diagnostics, therapeutics, antibiotics and antibiotic resistance, and vaccines. Some of the world’s foremost authorities in the field of microbiology serve as section editors and editorial board members. Section editors select topics for which leading researchers are invited to contribute comprehensive review articles that emphasize new developments and recently published papers of major importance, which are highlighted in annotated reference lists. These timely reviews of the literature examine the latest scientific discoveries and controversies as they emerge and are indispensable to both researchers and clinicians. The editorial board, composed of more than 20 internationally diverse members, reviews the annual table of contents, ensures that topics address all aspects of emerging research, and where applicable suggests topics of critical importance to various countries/regions.
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