精后静脉:男性的早期现代血管神经学。

IF 0.3 3区 哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Diederik F Janssen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在希波克拉底的《空气、水、地方》(Aer. 22)中,关于斯基泰人变装者的著名讨论也许让大多数中世纪和文艺复兴时期的医学权威感到困惑。文本与前希波克拉底,以脑为中心的精子发生理论搏斗。现代接受的复杂的假设,提出这里逐渐提炼出三个原因的失败的男子气概:阳痿,生育能力低下,和男子气概。从越来越多的盖伦神经男科理论(16世纪)到神经精神病学(17世纪末至18世纪),颅相学和精神病理学(19世纪早期和晚期),最后是早期心理内分泌学(20世纪早期)关于男性气质的观点,可以看出一个渐进的转变。Aer. 22在所有这些事件中都是一个无处不在的重复引用,实际上远远超出了医学范畴,使其成为神经发育和神经精神思维变化的高度敏感指标。简要讨论了启蒙运动前,以神经学为中心的性/性别医学扩展现代史的开始,以及它的颅相学来世。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Venae spermaticae post aures: The early modern angiology-neurology of virility.

The famous discussion of Scythian cross-dressers in Hippocrates' Airs Waters Places (Aer.) 22 puzzled perhaps most medieval and Renaissance medical authorities. The text wrestled with a pre-Hippocratic, encephalocentric theory of spermatogenesis. Modern reception of the convoluted hypothesis put forward here gradually distilled three etiologies of failing virility: impotence, subfertility, and unmanliness. A gradual shift is discernable from increasingly Galenic neuro-andrological theories (sixteenth century) to neuropsychiatric (late-seventeenth through eighteenth century), phrenological and psychopathological (early- and late-nineteenth century), and finally early psycho-endocrinological (early-twentieth century) ideas about masculinity. Aer. 22 was a ubiquitously recurring reference across all of these episodes, indeed well beyond medicine, rendering it a highly sensitive index of change in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric thinking. The pre-Enlightenment, neurology-centric onset of this extended modern history of sexual/gender medicine is briefly discussed, as well as its phrenological afterlife.

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来源期刊
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences 社会科学-科学史与科学哲学
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
20.00%
发文量
55
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of the History of the Neurosciences is the leading communication platform dealing with the historical roots of the basic and applied neurosciences. Its domains cover historical perspectives and developments, including biographical studies, disorders, institutions, documents, and instrumentation in neurology, neurosurgery, neuropsychiatry, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neuropsychology, and the behavioral neurosciences. The history of ideas, changes in society and medicine, and the connections with other disciplines (e.g., the arts, philosophy, psychology) are welcome. In addition to original, full-length papers, the journal welcomes informative short communications, letters to the editors, book reviews, and contributions to its NeuroWords and Neurognostics columns. All manuscripts are subject to initial appraisal by an Editor, and, if found suitable for further consideration, full- and short-length papers are subject to peer review (double blind, if requested) by at least 2 anonymous referees.
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