Numerosity depends on normalized contrast energy: Review and square-root law model

IF 1.5 4区 心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES
Quan Lei , Adam Reeves
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The perceived numerosity of many randomly-located items of fixed contrast depends on the integrated contrast energy (CE) of the display. We show here that a model based on √(CE), normalized by contrast amplitude, can fit numerosity judgment data in various tasks and over a wide range of numerosities. The model shows that judged numerosity increases linearly with √(N), where N is the number of displayed items above the subitization range, and can explain: 1) the general underestimation in absolute judgement of numerosity; 2) the contrast independence (constancy) of numerosity judgment in segregated displays, i.e., judged numerosities are not affected by item contrast; 2) a contrast-dependent illusion where the numerosity of higher-contrast items is further underestimated when intermingled with lower-contrast items; and 3) both the threshold and sensitivity of numerosity discrimination between displays of N and M items. The nearly perfect fit of numerosity judgment data by a square-root law over a wide range of numerosities, including the range typically described by Weber’s law, but excluding subitization, suggests that normalized contrast energy might be the prevailing sensory code underlying numerosity perception.

数值取决于归一化对比能量:回顾和平方根定律模型
许多随机定位的固定对比度项目的感知数量取决于显示器的积分对比度能量(CE)。我们在这里表明,基于√(CE)的模型,通过对比度幅度归一化,可以拟合各种任务中的数量判断数据,并覆盖广泛的数量范围。该模型表明,判断的数量随着√(N)线性增加,其中N是子化范围以上显示项目的数量,可以解释:1)数量绝对判断中的普遍低估;2) 分隔显示中数字判断的对比度独立性(恒定性),即所判断的数字不受项目对比度的影响;2) 对比度依赖错觉,其中当与较低对比度项目混合时,较高对比度项目的数量被进一步低估;以及3)N个和M个项目的显示之间的数目区分的阈值和灵敏度。平方根定律在广泛的数字范围内对数字判断数据进行了近乎完美的拟合,包括韦伯定律通常描述的范围,但不包括子化,这表明归一化的对比能量可能是数字感知的主要感官代码。
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来源期刊
Vision Research
Vision Research 医学-神经科学
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
16.70%
发文量
111
审稿时长
66 days
期刊介绍: Vision Research is a journal devoted to the functional aspects of human, vertebrate and invertebrate vision and publishes experimental and observational studies, reviews, and theoretical and computational analyses. Vision Research also publishes clinical studies relevant to normal visual function and basic research relevant to visual dysfunction or its clinical investigation. Functional aspects of vision is interpreted broadly, ranging from molecular and cellular function to perception and behavior. Detailed descriptions are encouraged but enough introductory background should be included for non-specialists. Theoretical and computational papers should give a sense of order to the facts or point to new verifiable observations. Papers dealing with questions in the history of vision science should stress the development of ideas in the field.
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