Evidence that implementation intentions reduce self-harm in the community

IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL
Abigail Paterson, Mark A. Elliott, Louise A. Brown Nicholls, Susan Rasmussen
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Objectives

Implementation intentions are ‘IF-THEN’ plans that encourage goal-intended behaviour. This study was designed to test whether an intervention encouraging the formation of implementation intentions can reduce self-harm in the community.

Design

A randomized controlled design was used.

Methods

At pre-intervention, outcome variables (self-harm in both specified and unspecified critical situations and suicidality) and potential moderators of implementation intentions (goal intention, mental imagery, and exposure to self-harm) were measured using self-report questionnaires. The participants (N = 469, aged 18–66 years, 86.4% female, 6.8% male and 6.7% other) were then randomized to either an experimental (implementation intention) or control task. At three-months post-intervention, self-report questionnaires were used again to measure the outcome variables.

Results

There were no overall differences between the conditions at post-intervention. However, goal intention and mental imagery, but not exposure to self-harm, moderated the effects of condition on self-harm in specified critical situations. At high (mean + 1SD) levels of both goal intention and mental imagery, the experimental condition reported self-harming less frequently in the situations specified in their implementation intentions.

Conclusions

Implementation intentions therefore represent a useful intervention for reducing self-harm in specified critical situations for people in the community who wish to avoid self-harm and those who frequently experience self-harm and suicide related mental imagery.

Abstract Image

实施意图减少社区自我伤害的证据。
目标:实施意图是鼓励目标行为的“IF-THEN”计划。这项研究旨在测试鼓励形成实施意图的干预措施是否可以减少社区中的自我伤害。设计:采用随机对照设计。方法:在干预前,使用自我报告问卷测量结果变量(特定和未特定危急情况下的自残和自杀)和实施意图的潜在调节因素(目标意图、心理意象和自残暴露)。参与者(N = 469,18-66岁 年,86.4%的女性,6.8%的男性和6.7%的其他)然后被随机分配到实验(实施意图)或对照任务。在干预后三个月,再次使用自我报告问卷来测量结果变量。结果:干预后两种情况之间没有总体差异。然而,在特定的危急情况下,目标意图和心理意象(而不是暴露于自残)调节了条件对自残的影响。处于高位(平均值 + 1SD)在目标意图和心理意象水平上,实验条件在其实施意图中规定的情况下报告自残的频率较低。结论:因此,对于社区中希望避免自残的人以及经常经历自残和自杀相关心理意象的人来说,实施意图是减少特定危急情况下的自残的有用干预措施。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
British Journal of Health Psychology
British Journal of Health Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, CLINICAL-
CiteScore
14.10
自引率
1.30%
发文量
58
期刊介绍: The focus of the British Journal of Health Psychology is to publish original research on various aspects of psychology that are related to health, health-related behavior, and illness throughout a person's life. The journal specifically seeks articles that are based on health psychology theory or discuss theoretical matters within the field.
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