Non-medical prescription opioid use among high school students in 38 U.S. States

Q1 Psychology

Addictive Behaviors Reports Pub Date : 2023-06-01 DOI:10.1016/j.abrep.2023.100498

Himani Byregowda , Rachel Alinsky , Xinzi Wang , Renee M. Johnson

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Background

Lifetime prevalence of non-medical prescription opioid use (NMPOU) among adolescents exceeds 10%. Building on that work, we estimate lifetime and recent (i.e., past 30-day) NMPOU and examine associations with alcohol and cannabis use.

Methods

We used 2019 YRBS data from 38 states with a question on lifetime NMPOU (n = 151,910), a subsample of 8 states also inquired about recent NMPOU (n = 28,439). We estimated the prevalence and frequency of NMPOU for boys and girls in each state. Multivariable logistic regression was used to derive odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) representing recent NMPOU in association with alcohol and cannabis use adjusting for state, race/ethnicity, and grade.

Results

The prevalence of lifetime NMPOU ranged from 9.4% to 22.7% for girls and 8.6% to 23.2% for boys; significant sex difference in Florida. Recent NMPOU among lifetime users ranged from 33.0% to 50.7% for girls and 40.7% to 52.3% for boys, no significant sex differences. Students reporting recent NMPOU had significantly higher odds of recent alcohol (OR: 5.1, 95% CI: 4.3–6.1) and cannabis use (OR: 3.7, 95% CI: 2.8–4.8). Higher frequency (1–2 and ≥ 3 times vs. 0 times) of NMPOU had significantly greater odds of alcohol (3–9-fold) and cannabis use (3–5-fold). The magnitude of association was higher for boys compared to girls.

Conclusion

The prevalence of recent NMPOU among lifetime users is high and is associated with alcohol and cannabis use. NMPOU can be a steppingstone towards other forms of opioid use therefore, opioid prevention programs should emphasize prescription drug misuse and consider socio-contextual and geographical variations.

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美国38个州中学生非医疗处方阿片类药物使用情况

背景青少年非医疗处方阿片类药物使用（NMPOU）的终生流行率超过10%。在这项工作的基础上，我们估计了一生和最近（即过去30天）的NMPOU，并研究了与酒精和大麻使用的关系。方法我们使用了来自38个州（n=151910）的2019年YRBS数据，其中8个州的子样本也询问了最近的NMPOU（n=28439）。我们估计了每个州男孩和女孩NMPOU的流行率和频率。多变量逻辑回归用于推导比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（CI），表示最近NMPOU与酒精和大麻使用的相关性，并根据州、种族/民族和级别进行调整。结果终生NMPOU患病率女孩9.4%-22.7%，男孩8.6%-23.2%；佛罗里达州显著的性别差异。终身用户中最近的NMPOU范围为女孩33.0%至50.7%，男孩40.7%至52.3%，没有显著的性别差异。报告最近NMPOU的学生最近饮酒（OR:5.1，95%CI:4.3-6.1）和吸食大麻（OR:3.7，95%CI:2.8-4.8）的几率明显更高。NMPOU频率越高（1-2次且≥3次，而不是0次），饮酒（3-9倍）和吸食大麻药（3-5倍）的几率就越大。男孩的关联程度高于女孩。结论近期NMPOU在终身使用者中的患病率较高，并与酒精和大麻的使用有关。NMPOU可以成为其他形式阿片类药物使用的垫脚石，因此，阿片类预防计划应强调处方药滥用，并考虑社会背景和地理差异。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Addictive Behaviors Reports Medicine-Psychiatry and Mental Health

CiteScore

6.80

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

71 days

期刊介绍： Addictive Behaviors Reports is an open-access and peer reviewed online-only journal offering an interdisciplinary forum for the publication of research in addictive behaviors. The journal accepts submissions that are scientifically sound on all forms of addictive behavior (alcohol, drugs, gambling, Internet, nicotine and technology) with a primary focus on behavioral and psychosocial research. The emphasis of the journal is primarily empirical. That is, sound experimental design combined with valid, reliable assessment and evaluation procedures are a requisite for acceptance. We are particularly interested in ''non-traditional'', innovative and empirically oriented research such as negative/null data papers, replication studies, case reports on novel treatments, and cross-cultural research. Studies that might encourage new lines of inquiry as well as scholarly commentaries on topical issues, systematic reviews, and mini reviews are also very much encouraged. We also welcome multimedia submissions that incorporate video or audio components to better display methodology or findings.