Weight-adjusted waist as an integrated index for fat, muscle and bone health in adults

IF 8.9 1区医学

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Pub Date : 2023-08-07 DOI:10.1002/jcsm.13302

Kyoung Jin Kim, Serhim Son, Kyeong Jin Kim, Sin Gon Kim, Nam Hoon Kim

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Abstract

Background

Unhealthy body composition, including high fat mass, low muscle mass and low bone mass, is a critical health issue in adults. The weight-adjusted waist index (WWI) estimates fat and muscle mass and may have implications for bone health. We examined its association with body composition outcomes in a large Korean adult cohort.

Methods

This study used data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2008–2011). WWI was calculated as waist circumference (cm) divided by the square root of body weight (kg). Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure bone mineral density (BMD), appendicular lean mass (ALM) and total body fat percentage. Unhealthy body composition was defined as combined presence of high fat mass, low bone mass and low muscle mass.

Results

A total of 5983 individuals (3034 men [50.7%] and 2949 women [49.3%]; mean age: 63.5 ± 8.7 years) were included. WWI was positively correlated with total body fat percentage (r = 0.478, P < 0.001) and inversely with ALM/weight (r = −0.485, P < 0.001) and BMD at the lumbar spine (r = −0.187, P < 0.001), femoral neck (r = −0.269, P < 0.001) and total hip (r = −0.255, P < 0.001). Higher WWI quartiles correlated with lower BMD, T-scores and ALM/weight, along with increased total body fat, evident in both genders and more pronounced in women, even after adjusting for confounders. This trend remained statistically significant across WWI quartiles for all analyses (P < 0.001). Higher WWI quartiles were also significantly associated with higher odds of unhealthy body composition, with adjusted odds ratio in the highest WWI group of 18.08 (95% CI, 4.32–75.61) in men and 6.36 (95% CI, 3.65–11.07) in women. The optimal cutoff values of WWI for unhealthy body composition were 10.4 cm/√kg in men and 10.5 cm/√kg in women.

Conclusions

In community-dwelling adults, high WWI values are associated with unfavourable body composition outcomes, indicating high fat mass, low muscle mass and low bone mass. WWI can potentially serve as an integrated index of body composition, underscoring the need for further research to validate its use in clinical settings.

Abstract Image

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体重调整后的腰围是成年人脂肪、肌肉和骨骼健康的综合指标。

背景：不健康的身体组成，包括高脂肪、低肌肉和低骨量，是成年人的一个关键健康问题。体重调整后的腰围指数（WWI）估计脂肪和肌肉质量，可能对骨骼健康有影响。我们在一个大型韩国成年队列中研究了它与身体成分结果的关系。方法：本研究使用了韩国国民健康和营养检查调查（2008-2011年）的数据。WWI计算为腰围（cm）除以体重（kg）的平方根。采用双能X线骨密度仪测量骨密度（BMD）、阑尾瘦块（ALM）和全身脂肪百分比。不健康的身体组成被定义为高脂肪、低骨量和低肌肉的综合存在。结果：共有5983人（3034名男性[507%]和2949名女性[49.3%]；平均年龄：63.5±8.7岁）被纳入。WWI与全身脂肪百分比呈正相关（r=0.478，P结论：在社区居住的成年人中，高WWI值与不利的身体成分结果有关，表明高脂肪量、低肌肉量和低骨量。WWI可以作为身体成分的综合指标，强调需要进一步研究来验证其在临床环境中的应用。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia and Muscle Medicine-Orthopedics and Sports Medicine

自引率

12.40%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Cachexia, Sarcopenia, and Muscle is a prestigious, peer-reviewed international publication committed to disseminating research and clinical insights pertaining to cachexia, sarcopenia, body composition, and the physiological and pathophysiological alterations occurring throughout the lifespan and in various illnesses across the spectrum of life sciences. This journal serves as a valuable resource for physicians, biochemists, biologists, dieticians, pharmacologists, and students alike.