Radionuclide biogeochemistry: from bioremediation toward the treatment of aqueous radioactive effluents.

IF 8.1 2区 工程技术 Q1 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-31 DOI:10.1080/07388551.2023.2194505
Adam J Williamson, Marie Binet, Claire Sergeant
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Civilian and military nuclear programs of several nations over more than 70 years have led to significant quantities of heterogenous solid, organic, and aqueous radioactive wastes bearing actinides, fission products, and activation products. While many physicochemical treatments have been developed to remediate, decontaminate and reduce waste volumes, they can involve high costs (energy input, expensive sorbants, ion exchange resins, chemical reducing/precipitation agents) or can lead to further secondary waste forms. Microorganisms can directly influence radionuclide solubility, via sorption, accumulation, precipitation, redox, and volatilization pathways, thus offering a more sustainable approach to remediation or effluent treatments. Much work to date has focused on fundamentals or laboratory-scale remediation trials, but there is a paucity of information toward field-scale bioremediation and, to a lesser extent, toward biological liquid effluent treatments. From the few biostimulation studies that have been conducted at legacy weapon production/test sites and uranium mining and milling sites, some marked success via bioreduction and biomineralisation has been observed. However, rebounding of radionuclide mobility from (a)biotic scale-up factors are often encountered. Radionuclide, heavy metal, co-contaminant, and/or matrix effects provide more challenging conditions than traditional industrial wastewater systems, thus innovative solutions via indirect interactions with stable element biogeochemical cycles, natural or engineered cultures or communities of metal and irradiation tolerant strains and reactor design inspirations from existing metal wastewater technologies, are required. This review encompasses the current state of the art in radionuclide biogeochemistry fundamentals and bioremediation and establishes links toward transitioning these concepts toward future radioactive effluent treatments.

放射性核素生物地球化学:从生物修复到放射性废水的处理。
70多年来,几个国家的民用和军用核计划导致了大量含有锕系元素、裂变产物和活化产物的非均质固体、有机和水性放射性废物。虽然已经开发了许多物理化学处理来修复、净化和减少废物量,但它们可能涉及高成本(能量输入、昂贵的吸附剂、离子交换树脂、化学还原/沉淀剂),或者可能导致进一步的二次废物形式。微生物可以通过吸附、积累、沉淀、氧化还原和挥发途径直接影响放射性核素的溶解度,从而为修复或污水处理提供更可持续的方法。迄今为止,许多工作都集中在基础知识或实验室规模的修复试验上,但缺乏关于现场规模的生物修复的信息,在较小程度上,缺乏关于生物液体污水处理的信息。在遗留武器生产/试验场以及铀矿开采和选矿场进行的为数不多的生物刺激研究中,通过生物还原和生物矿化取得了一些显著的成功。然而,经常会遇到放射性核素迁移率从(a)生物放大因子反弹的情况。放射性核素、重金属、共污染物和/或基质效应比传统的工业废水系统提供了更具挑战性的条件,因此通过与稳定元素生物地球化学循环的间接相互作用提供了创新的解决方案,需要金属和耐辐射菌株的天然或工程培养物或群落以及来自现有金属废水技术的反应器设计灵感。这篇综述涵盖了放射性核素生物地球化学基础和生物修复的最新技术,并建立了将这些概念转变为未来放射性污水处理的联系。
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来源期刊
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology
Critical Reviews in Biotechnology 工程技术-生物工程与应用微生物
CiteScore
20.80
自引率
1.10%
发文量
71
审稿时长
4.8 months
期刊介绍: Biotechnological techniques, from fermentation to genetic manipulation, have become increasingly relevant to the food and beverage, fuel production, chemical and pharmaceutical, and waste management industries. Consequently, academic as well as industrial institutions need to keep abreast of the concepts, data, and methodologies evolved by continuing research. This journal provides a forum of critical evaluation of recent and current publications and, periodically, for state-of-the-art reports from various geographic areas around the world. Contributing authors are recognized experts in their fields, and each article is reviewed by an objective expert to ensure accuracy and objectivity of the presentation.
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