Neutralizing Antibody Levels and Epidemiological Characteristics of Patients with Breakthrough COVID-19 Infection in Toyama, Japan.

IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 INFECTIOUS DISEASES
Japanese journal of infectious diseases Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Epub Date: 2023-05-31 DOI:10.7883/yoken.JJID.2023.100
Hideki Tani, Noriko Inasaki, Shunsuke Yazawa, Takahisa Shimada, Yumiko Saga, Hiroyasu Kaya, Yumiko Maruyama, Sadaya Matano, Hiroyuki Itoh, Tatsuhiko Kashii, Emiko Yamazaki, Masae Itamochi, Kazunori Oishi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Breakthrough infection (BI) after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination has increased owing to the emergence of novel SARS-CoV-2 variants. In this study, we analyzed the epidemiological information and possession status of neutralizing antibodies in patients with BI using SARS-CoV-2 pseudotyped viruses. Analysis of 44 specimens from patients diagnosed with COVID-19 after two or more vaccinations showed high inhibition of infection by 90% or more against the Wuhan strain and the Alpha and Delta variants of pseudotyped viruses in 40 specimens. In contrast, almost no neutralizing activity was observed against the Omicron BA.1 variant. Many patients without neutralizing activity or BI were immunosuppressed. The results of this study show that contact with an infected person can result in BI, even when there are sufficient neutralizing antibodies in the blood. Thus, sufficient precautions must be taken to prevent infection even after vaccination.

日本富山突破性新冠肺炎感染患者的中和抗体水平和流行病学特征。
2019冠状病毒病(新冠肺炎)疫苗接种后的突破性感染(BI)因新型SARS-CoV-2变种的出现而增加。在本研究中,我们分析了使用严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒2型假型病毒的BI患者的流行病学信息和中和抗体的拥有状况。对接种两次或两次以上疫苗后确诊为新冠肺炎患者的44份样本的分析显示,在40份样本中,对武汉毒株以及假型病毒的阿尔法和德尔塔变异株的感染具有90%或更多的高度抑制作用。相反,几乎没有观察到针对奥密克戎BA.1变体的中和活性。许多没有中和活性或BI的患者出现免疫抑制。这项研究的结果表明,即使血液中有足够的中和抗体,与感染者的接触也会导致BI。因此,即使在接种疫苗后,也必须采取足够的预防措施来预防感染。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
4.50%
发文量
172
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases (JJID), an official bimonthly publication of National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan, publishes papers dealing with basic research on infectious diseases relevant to humans in the fields of bacteriology, virology, mycology, parasitology, medical entomology, vaccinology, and toxinology. Pathology, immunology, biochemistry, and blood safety related to microbial pathogens are among the fields covered. Sections include: original papers, short communications, epidemiological reports, methods, laboratory and epidemiology communications, letters to the editor, and reviews.
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