Effects of different host plants on the growth, development, and fecundity of Phthorimaea absoluta (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae): an evaluation based on the age-stage two-sex life table.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the growth and development parameters of Phthorimaea absoluta (Meyrick) population at each stage when feeding on 4 host plants: Lycopersicon esculentum, Solanum tuberosum, Solanum melongena, and Nicotiana tabacum. The objective was to predict population dynamics and develop appropriate control strategies. The age-stage sex-life table was used to evaluate survival rate, fecundity, life expectancy, reproductive value, population parameters, and population growth prediction of P. absoluta after feeding on the 4 Solanaceae plants. The results showed significant variations in the fecundity parameters of P. absoluta among the different host plants. The L. esculentum population exhibited the highest average egg-laying period (13.17 ± 0.61 days) and average egg production (219.31 ± 21.02 eggs), while N. tabacum had the lowest values (4.56 ± 0.26 days and 26.08 ± 2.53 eggs, respectively). The gross reproduction rate of P. absoluta feeding on L. esculentum was 146.43 ± 21.00, which was 1.80, 3.77, and 6.39 times higher compared to S. tuberosum, S. melongena, and N. tabacum, respectively. The average age period and population doubling time of P. absoluta feeding on L. esculentum were lower than those of the other 3 host plants. These results indicated that while P. absoluta can complete a generation on L. esculentum, S. tuberosum, S. melongena, and N. tabacum, L. esculentum is the most suitable host for its growth and development. Therefore, in the occurrence and adjacent areas of P. absoluta, relevant authorities should promptly monitor and control its population in the planting areas of Solanaceae plants to prevent further spread.