Interactions between Macrophages and Biofilm during Staphylococcus aureus-Associated Implant Infection: Difficulties and Solutions.

IF 4.7 3区 医学 Q2 IMMUNOLOGY
Journal of Innate Immunity Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-03 DOI:10.1159/000530385
Mingzhang Li, Jinlong Yu, Geyong Guo, Hao Shen
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) biofilm is the major cause of failure of implant infection treatment that results in heavy social and economic burden on individuals, families, and communities. Planktonic S. aureus attaches to medical implant surfaces where it proliferates and is wrapped by extracellular polymeric substances, forming a solid and complex biofilm. This provides a stable environment for bacterial growth, infection maintenance, and diffusion and protects the bacteria from antimicrobial agents and the immune system of the host. Macrophages are an important component of the innate immune system and resist pathogen invasion and infection through phagocytosis, antigen presentation, and cytokine secretion. The persistence, spread, or clearance of infection is determined by interplay between macrophages and S. aureus in the implant infection microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the interactions between S. aureus biofilm and macrophages, including the effects of biofilm-related bacteria on the macrophage immune response, roles of myeloid-derived suppressor cells during biofilm infection, regulation of immune cell metabolic patterns by the biofilm environment, and immune evasion strategies adopted by the biofilm against macrophages. Finally, we summarize the current methods that support macrophage-mediated removal of biofilms and emphasize the importance of considering multi-dimensions and factors related to implant-associated infection such as immunity, metabolism, the host, and the pathogen when developing new treatments.

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金黄色葡萄球菌相关植入物感染过程中巨噬细胞与生物膜之间的相互作用:困难与解决方案。
金黄色葡萄球菌(S. aureus)生物膜是植入感染治疗失败的主要原因,给个人、家庭和社区造成了沉重的社会和经济负担。浮游金黄色葡萄球菌附着在医疗植入物表面,在那里增殖并被细胞外高分子物质(EPS)包裹,形成坚实而复杂的生物膜。这为细菌的生长、感染维持和扩散提供了稳定的环境,并保护细菌免受抗菌剂和宿主免疫系统的侵害。巨噬细胞是先天性免疫系统的重要组成部分,通过吞噬、抗原递呈和细胞因子分泌来抵御病原体的入侵和感染。感染的持续、扩散或清除取决于植入感染微环境中巨噬细胞与金黄色葡萄球菌之间的相互作用。在本综述中,我们将讨论金黄色葡萄球菌生物膜与巨噬细胞之间的相互作用,包括生物膜相关细菌对巨噬细胞免疫反应的影响、髓源抑制细胞在生物膜感染过程中的作用、生物膜环境对免疫细胞代谢模式的调控以及生物膜对巨噬细胞采取的免疫逃避策略。最后,我们总结了目前支持巨噬细胞介导的清除生物膜的方法,并强调在开发新的治疗方法时,必须考虑与种植体相关感染有关的多维度因素,如免疫、新陈代谢、宿主和病原体。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of Innate Immunity
Journal of Innate Immunity 医学-免疫学
CiteScore
10.50
自引率
1.90%
发文量
35
审稿时长
7.5 months
期刊介绍: The ''Journal of Innate Immunity'' is a bimonthly journal covering all aspects within the area of innate immunity, including evolution of the immune system, molecular biology of cells involved in innate immunity, pattern recognition and signals of ‘danger’, microbial corruption, host response and inflammation, mucosal immunity, complement and coagulation, sepsis and septic shock, molecular genomics, and development of immunotherapies. The journal publishes original research articles, short communications, reviews, commentaries and letters to the editors. In addition to regular papers, some issues feature a special section with a thematic focus.
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