Mobile and eHealth technologies in the management and prevention of nephrolithiasis: A systematic review

G.N. Ungerer , J.S. Winoker , K.A. Healy , O. Shah , K. Koo
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Abstract

Introduction

Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a common urological condition that often requires long-term care. Mobile health (mHealth) and eHealth technologies have the potential to enhance chronic disease management and behavioral change. To assess opportunities to apply these tools to improve KSD treatment and prevention, we aimed to assess current evidence on the use, benefits, and limitations of mHealth and eHealth in KSD.

Methods

We performed a systematic review of primary research studies of mHealth and eHealth in the evaluation and management of KSD. Two independent researchers screened citations by title and abstract for relevance, then full-text review was performed for descriptive summary of the studies.

Results

A total of 37 articles were included for analysis. Primary domains of evidence included: 1) “smart” water bottles and mobile-device apps for tracking fluid consumption, which showed increased intake in most studies; 2) ureteral stent tracking platforms, which improved the rate of long-term retained stents; 3) virtual stone clinics, which have been suggested to increase access, lower costs, and have satisfactory outcomes; 4) smartphone-based endoscopy platforms, which offered cost-effective image quality in resource-limited settings; 5) patient information about KSD online, which was typically characterized as poor quality and/or accuracy, particularly on YouTube. Most studies were proof-of-concept or single-arm intervention designs, with limited assessment of effectiveness or long-term clinical outcomes.

Conclusions

Mobile and eHealth technologies have significant real-world applications to KSD prevention, intervention, and patient education. A lack of rigorous effectiveness studies currently limits evidence-based conclusions and incorporation in clinical guidelines.

移动和电子保健技术在肾炎管理和预防中的应用:系统综述。
导言:肾结石(KSD)是一种常见的泌尿系统疾病,通常需要长期护理。移动医疗(mHealth)和电子医疗技术具有加强慢性病管理和行为改变的潜力。为了评估应用这些工具改善 KSD 治疗和预防的机会,我们旨在评估有关移动医疗和电子医疗在 KSD 中的使用、益处和局限性的现有证据:我们对移动医疗和电子医疗在 KSD 评估和管理中的初步研究进行了系统性回顾。两名独立研究人员通过标题和摘要对引文进行了相关性筛选,然后对全文进行了审查,对研究进行了描述性总结:结果:共纳入 37 篇文章进行分析。主要证据领域包括1)用于追踪液体消耗的 "智能 "水瓶和移动设备应用程序,在大多数研究中显示其摄入量有所增加;2)输尿管支架追踪平台,其提高了长期留置支架的比率;3)虚拟结石诊所,其被认为可增加使用机会、降低成本并获得令人满意的结果;4)基于智能手机的内窥镜检查平台,其在资源有限的环境中提供了具有成本效益的图像质量;5)关于 KSD 的在线患者信息,其典型特点是质量和/或准确性较差,尤其是在 YouTube 上。大多数研究都是概念验证或单臂干预设计,对有效性或长期临床结果的评估有限:移动和电子健康技术在 KSD 预防、干预和患者教育方面具有重要的现实应用价值。目前,由于缺乏严格的有效性研究,以证据为基础的结论和将其纳入临床指南的工作受到了限制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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