{"title":"<i>In-vitro</i> symbiotic germination of seeds of five mycoheterotrophic <i>Gastrodia</i> orchids with <i>Mycena</i> and <i>Marasmiaceae</i> fungi.","authors":"Michiru Kitahara, Kosuke Nagamune, Akihiko Kinoshita, Chigusa Yugeta, Naoto Ohara, Akane Shimazaki, Yumi Yamashita, Tomohisa Yukawa, Naoki Endo, Yuki Ogura-Tsujita","doi":"10.47371/mycosci.2022.04.001","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We performed <i>in-vitro</i> germination tests on seeds from five <i>Gastrodia</i> orchids (<i>G. confusa</i>, <i>G. elata</i> var. <i>elata</i>, <i>G. elata</i> var. <i>pallens</i>, <i>G. nipponica</i>, and <i>G. pubilabiata</i>) using one <i>Marasmiaceae</i> and two <i>Mycena</i> isolates. <i>Mycena</i> sp. 1 promoted germination of all five <i>Gastrodia</i> orchids, with root and/or tuber formation observed in <i>G. confusa</i>, <i>G. nipponica</i>, and <i>G. pubilabiata</i>. No additional growth was observed in the other two orchids. <i>Mycena</i> sp. 2 induced <i>G. confusa</i>, <i>G. elata</i> var. <i>elata</i>, and <i>G. nipponica</i> germination, whereas <i>Marasmiaceae</i> sp. 1 induced <i>G. nipponica</i> and <i>G. pubilabiata</i> germination. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the two <i>Mycena</i> isolates represent distinct lineages within the <i>Mycenaceae</i>. <i>Mycena</i> sp. 1 and <i>Marasmiaceae</i> sp. 1 are closely related to <i>Mycena abramsii</i> and <i>Marasmiellus rhizomorphogenus</i>, respectively. Our results imply that <i>Mycena</i> and marasmioid fungi play important roles in early development in <i>Gastrodia</i> species, and that <i>Mycena</i> fungi in particular may be common mycobionts of <i>Gastrodia</i> species. Root and/or tuber development was observed with four plant-fungus combinations, implying that these associations persist throughout the life cycle, whereas <i>G. elata</i> var. <i>elata</i> may require different associates over time. Our findings will contribute to elucidating the mycorrhizal associations of mycoheterotrophic orchids throughout their life cycle.</p>","PeriodicalId":18780,"journal":{"name":"Mycoscience","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5000,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/50/78/MYC-63-088.PMC10042302.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Mycoscience","FirstCategoryId":"99","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.47371/mycosci.2022.04.001","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"MYCOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
We performed in-vitro germination tests on seeds from five Gastrodia orchids (G. confusa, G. elata var. elata, G. elata var. pallens, G. nipponica, and G. pubilabiata) using one Marasmiaceae and two Mycena isolates. Mycena sp. 1 promoted germination of all five Gastrodia orchids, with root and/or tuber formation observed in G. confusa, G. nipponica, and G. pubilabiata. No additional growth was observed in the other two orchids. Mycena sp. 2 induced G. confusa, G. elata var. elata, and G. nipponica germination, whereas Marasmiaceae sp. 1 induced G. nipponica and G. pubilabiata germination. Phylogenetic analyses indicated that the two Mycena isolates represent distinct lineages within the Mycenaceae. Mycena sp. 1 and Marasmiaceae sp. 1 are closely related to Mycena abramsii and Marasmiellus rhizomorphogenus, respectively. Our results imply that Mycena and marasmioid fungi play important roles in early development in Gastrodia species, and that Mycena fungi in particular may be common mycobionts of Gastrodia species. Root and/or tuber development was observed with four plant-fungus combinations, implying that these associations persist throughout the life cycle, whereas G. elata var. elata may require different associates over time. Our findings will contribute to elucidating the mycorrhizal associations of mycoheterotrophic orchids throughout their life cycle.
期刊介绍:
Mycoscience is the official English-language journal of the Mycological Society of Japan and is issued bimonthly. Mycoscience publishes original research articles and reviews on various topics related to fungi including yeasts and other organisms that have traditionally been studied by mycologists. The research areas covered by Mycoscience extend from such purely scientific fields as systematics, evolution, phylogeny, morphology, ecology, physiology, biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology, to agricultural, medical, and industrial applications. New and improved applications of well-established mycological techniques and methods are also covered.