Harnessing natural killer cells to develop next-generation cellular immunotherapy

Q1 Medicine

Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine Pub Date : 2022-08-02 DOI:10.1002/cdt3.40

Siyao Liu, Kaycee Nguyen, Dongyong Park, Nelson Wong, Anson Wang, Yubin Zhou

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Cellular immunotherapy harnesses the body's own immune system to fight cancer by using engineered T cells, macrophages, or natural killer (NK) cells. Compared to chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells that are commonly used to treat hematological malignancies, CAR-NK cells have shown remarkable therapeutic effectiveness while exhibiting enhanced safety, reduced risk of graft-versus-host disease, fewer side effects, and amplified antitumor efficacy. Preclinical trials have unveiled the high potential of adoptive CAR-NK cell therapy to curtail or even eliminate both hematological malignancies and solid tumors in animal models. We brought forth herein the design principle of CAR-NK cells, highlighted the latest progress in the preclinical testing and clinical trials of CAR-NK cells, briefly delved into discussed major roadblocks in CAR-NK therapy, and discussed potential solutions to surmount these challenges. Given the accelerated progress in both basic and translational studies on immune cell engineering, CAR-NK cell therapy promises to become a serious contender and important addition to the next-generation cell-based immunotherapy.

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利用自然杀伤细胞开发下一代细胞免疫疗法

细胞免疫疗法利用人体自身的免疫系统，通过使用工程化的T细胞、巨噬细胞或自然杀伤(NK)细胞来对抗癌症。与通常用于治疗血液系统恶性肿瘤的嵌合抗原受体T (CAR-T)细胞相比，CAR-NK细胞显示出显著的治疗效果，同时表现出更高的安全性、更低的移植物抗宿主病风险、更少的副作用和更强的抗肿瘤功效。在动物模型中，临床前试验揭示了过继性CAR-NK细胞疗法在减少甚至消除血液学恶性肿瘤和实体肿瘤方面的巨大潜力。本文提出了CAR-NK细胞的设计原理，重点介绍了CAR-NK细胞临床前测试和临床试验的最新进展，简要探讨了CAR-NK治疗的主要障碍，并讨论了克服这些挑战的潜在解决方案。鉴于免疫细胞工程的基础研究和转化研究的加速进展，CAR-NK细胞疗法有望成为下一代细胞免疫疗法的有力竞争者和重要补充。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine Medicine-General Medicine

CiteScore

6.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

195

审稿时长

35 weeks

期刊介绍： This journal aims to promote progress from basic research to clinical practice and to provide a forum for communication among basic, translational, and clinical research practitioners and physicians from all relevant disciplines. Chronic diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, stroke, chronic respiratory diseases (such as asthma and COPD), chronic kidney diseases, and related translational research. Topics of interest for Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine include Research and commentary on models of chronic diseases with significant implications for disease diagnosis and treatment Investigative studies of human biology with an emphasis on disease Perspectives and reviews on research topics that discuss the implications of findings from the viewpoints of basic science and clinical practic.