Spinal displacement during thoracic manipulative therapy in mechanical neck pain patients: an observational study.

Abstract

Introduction: Thoracic manipulative therapy (TMT) is recommended for treating patients with mechanical neck pain (MNP). However, there are multiple proposed recommendations for the mechanism for neck pain reduction.

Objective: To investigate displacement of the cervicothoracic spine during the application of TMT in patients with MNP.

Methods: Thirty-five male patients with MNP were recruited. Displacements of C₃, C₅, C₇, T₂, T₄ and T₆ were measured using a motion capture system while a therapist applied a grade III central posteroanterior TMT (cpa-TMT) to T₆.

Results: Mean (SD) displacement ranged from 2.2 (0.62) to 5.5 (1.1) mm. A significant decrease in neck pain intensity at rest was found after the application of the cpa-TMT (mean difference 17 mm, p < 0.001). A downward trend in spinal displacement was noted, with the largest and smallest displacement occurring at T₆ and C₃, respectively. Correlations between the displacement of T₆ and adjacent spinal levels were moderate to high (Pearson's r range 0.70-0.90, p < 0.001). It was showed that cpa-TMT applied to T₆ produced the PA displacement toward the upper cervical spine.

Conclusion: TMT produces spinal segmental displacements toward the upper cervical spine in MNP patients. These segmental displacements would activate the alleviation effect at both the spinal and supraspinal levels resulting in neck pain reduction. These findings would provide supporting evidence for the use of TMT in neck pain reduction.