Evaluation of Cytotoxicity, Release Behavior and Phytopathogens Control by Mancozeb-Loaded Guar Gum Nanoemulsions for Sustainable Agriculture.

IF 6.8 Q1 TOXICOLOGY
Ravinder Kumar, Manju Nehra, Dharmender Kumar, Baljeet Singh Saharan, Prince Chawla, Pardeep Kumar Sadh, Anju Manuja, Joginder Singh Duhan
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Chemical fungicides are the backbone of modern agriculture, but an alternative formulation is necessary for sustainable crop production to address human health issues and soil/water environmental pollution. So, a green chemistry approach was used to form guar gum nanoemulsions (NEs) of 186.5-394.1 nm containing the chemical fungicide mancozeb and was characterized using various physio-chemical techniques. An 84.5% inhibition was shown by 1.5 mg/mL mancozeb-loaded NEs (GG-1.5) against A. alternata, comparable to commercial mancozeb (86.5 ± 0.7%). The highest mycelial inhibition was exhibited against S. lycopersici and S. sclerotiorum. In tomatoes and potatoes, NEs showed superior antifungal efficacy in pot conditions besides plant growth parameters (germination percentage, root/shoot ratio and dry biomass). About 98% of the commercial mancozeb was released in just two h, while only about 43% of mancozeb was released from nanoemulsions (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5) for the same time. The most significant results for cell viability were seen at 1.0 mg/mL concentration of treatment, where wide gaps in cell viability were observed for commercial mancozeb (21.67%) and NEs treatments (63.83-71.88%). Thus, this study may help to combat the soil and water pollution menace of harmful chemical pesticides besides protecting vegetable crops.

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载锰锌瓜尔胶纳米乳对可持续农业的细胞毒性、释放行为及植物病原体控制评价。
化学杀菌剂是现代农业的支柱,但需要一种替代配方来实现可持续作物生产,以解决人类健康问题和土壤/水环境污染。因此,采用绿色化学方法制备了含有化学杀菌剂代锰锌的瓜尔胶纳米乳液(NEs),粒径为186.5 ~ 394.1 nm,并采用多种理化方法对其进行了表征。1.5 mg/mL负载代森锰锌的NEs (mg -1.5)对麻草的抑制率为84.5%,与商品代森锰锌(86.5±0.7%)相当。对番茄葡萄球菌和菌丝体的抑制作用最强。在番茄和马铃薯中,除了植物生长参数(发芽率、根冠比和干生物量)外,在盆栽条件下,NEs表现出较好的抑菌效果。约98%的商业代森锰锌在2小时内释放,而在相同时间内,纳米乳液(0.5,1.0和1.5)中只有约43%的代森锰锌释放。在1.0 mg/mL浓度处理下,细胞活力差异最大,其中商业代森锰锌处理(21.67%)和NEs处理(63.83-71.88%)的细胞活力差异较大。因此,本研究在保护蔬菜作物的同时,也有助于对抗有害化学农药对土壤和水体的污染威胁。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.30
自引率
1.70%
发文量
21
审稿时长
10 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of Xenobiotics publishes original studies concerning the beneficial (pharmacology) and detrimental effects (toxicology) of xenobiotics in all organisms. A xenobiotic (“stranger to life”) is defined as a chemical that is not usually found at significant concentrations or expected to reside for long periods in organisms. In addition to man-made chemicals, natural products could also be of interest if they have potent biological properties, special medicinal properties or that a given organism is at risk of exposure in the environment. Topics dealing with abiotic- and biotic-based transformations in various media (xenobiochemistry) and environmental toxicology are also of interest. Areas of interests include the identification of key physical and chemical properties of molecules that predict biological effects and persistence in the environment; the molecular mode of action of xenobiotics; biochemical and physiological interactions leading to change in organism health; pathophysiological interactions of natural and synthetic chemicals; development of biochemical indicators including new “-omics” approaches to identify biomarkers of exposure or effects for xenobiotics.
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