The 'worm' in our brain. An anatomical, historical, and philological study on the vermis cerebelli.

IF 0.3 3区 哲学 Q3 HISTORY & PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Klaus F Steinsiepe
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Abstract

The cell doctrine-the theory of ventricular localization of the mental faculties-includes Galen's idea of a locking or valve mechanism between the middle and the rear ventricle. The anatomical substrate was the vermiform epiphysis, known today as the vermis cerebelli. This entity played a significant role in brain physiology even though its appearance, texture, and location changed over time. This article tells the story of the "worm's" transformation from Galen to Vesalius and beyond. Until the time of Albertus Magnus (c. 1200-1280 ce), the worm corresponded to the vermis cerebelli. From the beginning of the fourteenth century, under the influence of Mondino's Anothomia, the worm referred to the choroid plexus in the anterior ventricles; its Galenic heritage was abandoned. Contemporaneous illustrations confirm this anterograde movement. The contributions of post-Galenic natural philosophers and pre-Vesalian anatomists to this development are discussed. Today, the worm can serve as an example for different viewpoints and often deadlocked doctrines (religious, philosophic, scientific). In tracing beliefs about the worm from the Greeks to the Arabs and back to the Latin West, this article follows the history of neuroanatomy in the Middle Ages and the Renaissance.

我们大脑中的“蠕虫”。小脑蚓的解剖学、历史和语言学研究。
细胞学说——心智官能的脑室定位理论——包括盖伦关于中脑室和后脑室之间有一种锁定或阀门机制的观点。解剖基质是蚓状骨骺,即今天所说的小脑蚓。这个实体在大脑生理学中发挥了重要作用,尽管它的外观、质地和位置会随着时间的推移而改变。这篇文章讲述了“蠕虫”从盖伦到维萨里乌斯以及其他地方的转变。直到阿尔伯图斯·马格纳斯(约公元1200-1280年)时代,这种蠕虫相当于小脑蚓。从14世纪初开始,在蒙迪诺的Anothomia的影响下,蠕虫指的是前心室的脉络丛;它的盖伦传统被抛弃了。同时代的插图证实了这种逆行的运动。讨论了后盖伦自然哲学家和前维萨利亚解剖学家对这一发展的贡献。今天,蠕虫可以作为不同观点和经常陷入僵局的教义(宗教,哲学,科学)的例子。在追溯从希腊人到阿拉伯人再回到拉丁西方的关于蠕虫的信仰的过程中,这篇文章遵循了中世纪和文艺复兴时期神经解剖学的历史。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
Journal of the History of the Neurosciences 社会科学-科学史与科学哲学
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
20.00%
发文量
55
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The Journal of the History of the Neurosciences is the leading communication platform dealing with the historical roots of the basic and applied neurosciences. Its domains cover historical perspectives and developments, including biographical studies, disorders, institutions, documents, and instrumentation in neurology, neurosurgery, neuropsychiatry, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neurochemistry, neuropsychology, and the behavioral neurosciences. The history of ideas, changes in society and medicine, and the connections with other disciplines (e.g., the arts, philosophy, psychology) are welcome. In addition to original, full-length papers, the journal welcomes informative short communications, letters to the editors, book reviews, and contributions to its NeuroWords and Neurognostics columns. All manuscripts are subject to initial appraisal by an Editor, and, if found suitable for further consideration, full- and short-length papers are subject to peer review (double blind, if requested) by at least 2 anonymous referees.
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