Current advances in microbiome sciences within the US Department of Defense: part 2 - enabling technologies and environmental microbiomes.

IF 1.4 4区 医学 Q2 MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL
Sophie M Colston, R A Barbato, M S Goodson, J P Karl, R J Kokoska, D D Leary, K Racicot, V Varaljay, J W Soares
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Abstract

Microbiomes involve complex microbial communities wherein the micro-organisms interact with one another as well as their associated hosts or environmental niches. Much of the characterisation of these communities and the associations have been achieved through 'omics' technologies, such as metagenomics, metaproteomics and metametabolomics, and model systems. Recent research in host-associated microbiomes has been aimed at understanding the role microbes may play in host fitness or conversely how host activities/conditions may perturb the microbial community, which can further affect host health. These studies have led to the investigation of detection, intervention or modulation methods, which may serve to provide benefits to the host and advance our understanding of microbiome associations. With the clear implications on human health and disease, the US Department of Defense (DoD) has made microbiome research a priority, with the founding of the Tri-Service Microbiome Consortium (TSMC) to enhance collaboration, coordination,and communication of microbiome research among DoD organisations and partners in academia and industry. DoD microbiome research focuses mainly on the following themes: (1) human health and performance, (2) environmental microbiomes and (3) enabling technologies. This review provides an update of current DoD microbiome research efforts centred on enabling technologies and environmental microbiomes and highlights innovative research being done in academia and industry that can be leveraged by the DoD. These topics were also communicated and further discussed in the Fifth Annual TSMC Symposium. This paper forms part of the special issue of BMJ Military Health dedicated to personalised digital technology for mental health in the Armed Forces.

美国国防部微生物组科学的当前进展:第 2 部分--使能技术和环境微生物组。
微生物组涉及复杂的微生物群落,其中微生物之间以及与之相关的宿主或环境壁龛之间相互影响。通过元基因组学、元蛋白组学、元代谢组学等 "omics "技术和模型系统,已经对这些群落和关联进行了大量表征。最近对宿主相关微生物组的研究旨在了解微生物在宿主健康中可能发挥的作用,或者反过来了解宿主的活动/条件如何扰乱微生物群落,从而进一步影响宿主的健康。这些研究导致了对检测、干预或调节方法的调查,这些方法可能会给宿主带来益处,并促进我们对微生物群关联的了解。由于微生物组对人类健康和疾病的明显影响,美国国防部(DoD)已将微生物组研究列为优先事项,并成立了三军微生物组联盟(TSMC),以加强国防部组织与学术界和工业界合作伙伴之间在微生物组研究方面的合作、协调和交流。国防部微生物组研究主要集中在以下主题:(1) 人类健康和性能,(2) 环境微生物组和 (3) 使能技术。本综述提供了当前国防部微生物组研究工作的最新情况,主要集中在使能技术和环境微生物组方面,并重点介绍了学术界和工业界正在进行的、国防部可以利用的创新研究。这些主题也在第五届 TSMC 年度研讨会上进行了交流和进一步讨论。本文是《BMJ 军事健康》特刊的一部分,该特刊专门讨论了用于武装部队心理健康的个性化数字技术。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Bmj Military Health
Bmj Military Health MEDICINE, GENERAL & INTERNAL-
CiteScore
3.10
自引率
20.00%
发文量
116
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