Infection with different human influenza A subtypes affects the period of susceptibility to secondary bacterial infections in ferrets.

Edin J Mifsud, Rubaiyea Farrukee, Aeron C Hurt, Patrick C Reading, Ian G Barr
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

It is well-established that influenza virus infections predispose individuals to secondary bacterial infections (SBIs), which may result in a range of clinical outcomes from relatively mild (e.g. sinusitis and otitis media) to severe (e.g. pneumonia and septicaemia). The most common bacterial pathogen associated with SBI following influenza virus infections is Streptococcus pneumoniae(SPN). Of circulating human seasonal influenza viruses, influenza A viruses (IAV) of both the A(H1N1)pdm09 and A(H3N2) subtypes are associated with severe disease but have differing hospitalisation and complication rates. To study the interplay of these two IAV subtypes with SBI, we used a ferret model of influenza infection followed by secondary challenge with a clinical strain of SPN to determine the severity and the period of susceptibility for SBI. Ferrets challenged with SPN 5 days after infection with A(H3N2) or A(H1N1)pdm09 viruses developed severe disease that required euthanasia. When the time between viral infection and bacterial challenge was extended, A/H1N1pdm09-infected animals remained susceptible to SBI- for up to 10 days after the viral infection. For A(H3N2)- but not A(H1N1)pdm09-infected ferrets, susceptibility to SBI-associated disease could be extended out to 16 days postviral infection. While caution should be taken when extrapolating animal models to human infections, the differences between A(H3N2) and A(H1N1)pdm09 strains in duration of susceptibility to SBI observed in the ferret model, may provide some insight regarding the higher rates of SBI-associated disease associated with some strains of A(H3N2) viruses in humans.

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不同人类甲型流感亚型感染对雪貂继发性细菌感染的易感期有影响。
众所周知,流感病毒感染使个体易患继发性细菌感染,这可能导致一系列临床结果,从相对轻微的(如鼻窦炎和中耳炎)到严重的(如肺炎和败血症)。流感病毒感染后与SBI相关的最常见细菌病原体是肺炎链球菌(SPN)。在流行的人类季节性流感病毒中,A(H1N1)pdm09和A(H3N2)亚型甲型流感病毒(IAV)与严重疾病相关,但住院率和并发症发生率不同。为了研究这两种IAV亚型与SBI的相互作用,我们使用了一种雪貂流感感染模型,然后用SPN临床毒株继发攻击,以确定SBI的严重程度和易感期。感染A(H3N2)或A(H1N1)pdm09病毒后5天感染SPN的雪貂出现严重疾病,需要安乐死。当病毒感染和细菌攻击之间的时间延长时,感染A/ h1n1pdm09的动物在病毒感染后长达10天仍对SBI易感。对于A(H3N2)-而不是A(H1N1)pdm09感染的雪貂,对sbi相关疾病的易感性可以延长到病毒感染后16天。虽然在将动物模型外推到人类感染时应谨慎,但在雪貂模型中观察到的A(H3N2)和A(H1N1)pdm09菌株对SBI的易感性持续时间的差异,可能为人类中与某些A(H3N2)病毒株相关的SBI相关疾病的较高发生率提供了一些见解。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.30
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