Breakfast Skipping and Declines in Cognitive Score Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults: A Longitudinal Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort.

IF 2.9 4区 医学 Q2 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Rika Ishizuka, Naoto Otaki, Yoshiaki Tai, Yuki Yamagami, Kunihiko Tanaka, Masayuki Morikawa, Masayuki Iki, Norio Kurumatani, Keigo Saeki, Kenji Obayashi
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Previous studies outlined the correlation of adverse effects of breakfast skipping with cognitive function. However, the majority of these studies have focused on the short-term effects; to date, the long-term effect of breakfast skipping on cognitive function among older adults remains unclear. In this prospective cohort study of 712 older adults (mean age, 70.8 years), breakfast skipping was defined as skipping breakfast one or more times per week, and declines in cognitive score was defined as decreases in Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of two or more in the observed period. During follow-up (median, 31 months), 135 of 712 participants developed declines in cognitive score. Poisson regression models revealed that the incidence rate for declines in cognitive score was significantly higher in breakfast skipper (n = 29) than breakfast eaters (n = 683) [incidence rate ratio (IRR), 2.10; 95% CI, 1.28-3.44]. Additional propensity score adjustments related to breakfast skipping from baseline parameters (age, gender, smoking and drinking status, BMI, household income, educated level, depressive symptoms, hypertension, diabetes, sleep medication, physical activity, caloric intake, and baseline cognition) produced consistent results (IRR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.33-3.68). Sensitivity analysis, when the cut-off value of decreases in MMSE score was changed to three points, suggested a significant and stronger association (IRR, 3.03; 95% CI, 1.72-5.35). Regarding daily intakes of food groups, breakfast skippers consumed a significantly lower amount of vegetables, fruits, and fish than breakfast eaters. In conclusion, our findings suggest that breakfast skipping is longitudinally associated with declines in cognitive score among older adults.

在社区居住的老年人中不吃早餐和认知评分下降:一项对平州-京队列的纵向研究。
先前的研究概述了不吃早餐的不良影响与认知功能的相关性。然而,这些研究大多集中在短期影响上;迄今为止,不吃早餐对老年人认知功能的长期影响尚不清楚。在这项对712名老年人(平均年龄70.8岁)的前瞻性队列研究中,不吃早餐被定义为每周不吃早餐一次或多次,认知评分下降被定义为在观察期间,迷你精神状态检查(MMSE)评分下降两次或两次以上。在随访期间(中位31个月),712名参与者中有135人出现认知评分下降。泊松回归模型显示,不吃早餐者(n = 29)认知评分下降的发生率显著高于吃早餐者(n = 683)[发病率比(IRR), 2.10;95% ci, 1.28-3.44]。从基线参数(年龄、性别、吸烟和饮酒状况、BMI、家庭收入、受教育程度、抑郁症状、高血压、糖尿病、睡眠药物、身体活动、热量摄入和基线认知)调整与不吃早餐相关的额外倾向得分产生了一致的结果(IRR, 2.21;95% ci, 1.33-3.68)。敏感性分析显示,当MMSE评分下降的临界值改为3分时,两者的相关性显著且更强(IRR, 3.03;95% ci, 1.72-5.35)。从食物组的每日摄入量来看,不吃早餐的人比吃早餐的人摄入的蔬菜、水果和鱼的量要少得多。总之,我们的研究结果表明,不吃早餐与老年人认知评分下降有纵向关系。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
6.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
40
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology (JGP) brings together original research, clinical reviews, and timely case reports on neuropsychiatric care of aging patients, including age-related biologic, neurologic, and psychiatric illnesses; psychosocial problems; forensic issues; and family care. The journal offers the latest peer-reviewed information on cognitive, mood, anxiety, addictive, and sleep disorders in older patients, as well as tested diagnostic tools and therapies.
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